| Excellence Initiative is a policy plan initiated by the government and invested by the government to support the excellent development of existing universities.Under the trend of pursuing excellence in higher education,countries around the world have launched Excellence Initiatives one after another,aiming to enhance the competitiveness of their universities in the world academic field.In view of the late start of China’s overall promotion of world-class university construction,although the "Double First-Class" construction has completed its first five-year cycle,a large number of experiences and cases still need to be obtained to improve China’s existing scientific research evaluation system.Therefore,in this study,according to the typicality of the Excellence Initiative,the UK REF2021,Germany Excellence Plan,Australia ERA2018,Russia "5-100 Plan" and China’s "Double First-class" construction were selected as the research objects for comparison,so as to achieve the goal of making suggestions to improve China’s scientific research evaluation system and provide assistance for the implementation of China’s "overall promotion of double first-class" strategy.In this study,first of all,through reading,the official policy documents of the five countries’ Excellence Initiatives were sorted out,summarized the overview of the five countries’ Excellence Initiatives to explore the differences in the implementation background,evaluation and research subjects,and evaluation criteria of the five countries;Secondly,the data analysis software,including Ant Conc and Python,were selected to conduct word segmentation processing and word frequency statistics on the collected government documents of various countries to produce high-frequency word lists and word clouds,so as to explore the commonness and respective characteristics of the five countries’ Excellence Initiatives.Then,the data were collected and analyzed in three areas: academic publications,changes in disciplinary standard and university rankings.In terms of academic publications,this paper analyses the annual number of publications,average citations and numbers of paper cited,number of journals,average citation half-life and cited half-life,average impact factor and SJR indicators collected from the Web of Science database at the level of both papers and journals in order to compare academic influence of the research results of the five countries.In terms of disciplinary standard changes,this paper obtains the distribution of the top 1000 most highly cited academic papers in each of the five countries,and derives the changes in the disciplines that each country focused on during the implementation of the policy.In terms of university rankings,this paper obtains the changes in the academic rankings of ARWU,THE and QS during the implementation of the policy in each of the five countries,and combines the weights of the evaluation indicators set by the three rankings to derive the dimensions on which the research evaluation systems of the five countries focus.Finally,according to the above comparison results,the enlightenment for the scientific research evaluation system of "double first-class" construction in China was obtained.According to the research on the five countries’ Excellence Initiatives,the following suggestions on the scientific research evaluation system of China’s "double first-class" construction are put forward: first of all,absorb third-party institutions to participate in the evaluation to ensure that the evaluation data is open and transparent;Second,break the solidification of identity and set dynamic exit mechanism;Third,establishes a long-term evaluation mechanism to ensure the continuity and stability of the policy;Fourth,develop a scientific and fair evaluation method based on classified evaluation;Fifth,pay attention to the development of interdisciplinary research fields and improve the interdisciplinary evaluation system;Sixth,pays more attention to non-academic influence. |
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