| Yellow River flows through Qinghai, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and other nine provinces and autonomous regions.Across23longitudes from west to east,10latitudes from south to north,of which the length is longer than5000kms. The river runoff changes and topography disparity are significant. In Yellow River part of Ningxia and Inner Mongolia and downstream of the river, the river flows from the low latitudes to high latitudes, bottom-up in winter freeze-up/break-up and top-down in spring. In freeze-up/break-up season, mixed with a lot of ice,the river flows from wide upstream to the narrow downstream,which is easy to form a huge ice jam and ice dams and will significantly raise the water level of the upstream river,finally causes severe ice disasters.Recent years,in the Yellow River basin, due to the impact of global climate change impacts and some special geographical conditions as well as the large hydroelectric facilities in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, ice disasters happens frequently,cause safety hazard to people’s lives and property and industrial facilities along the Yellow River. Therefore, the Yellow River ice disaster early warning has become an important task for the construction of early ice disaster warning systems.The most effective way to effective early warning forecast the ice disaster is to continuously monitor the situation and process of change in the ice use properice detection of the Yellow River, providing reliable and scientific data to support disaster prevention and mitigation.The detect technology based on the differences in the physical characteristics of the air, ice and water ice of the situation enables continuous detection of a single point of the vertical cylindrical ice situation. This detection method is only possible to detect a single monitoring point, not suitable for the entire cross-section of the Yellow River ice monitoring, and therefore can not get the complete detailed intelligence data of the river section, which limits the practical applications.According to the need of the Yellow River ice hazard warning system construction in winter, contrary to the lack of current technology, the writer designed a new system based on the existing technology that based on differences in the physical characteristics of air, ice and water ice thickness sensor system, integrate the Zigbee and GPRS network data transmission technology and computer technology, formed a new section of the Yellow River ice multi-point auto-monitoring test system,which is supported by the fouding: The principle research of continuous on-line detection of ice extinction processes and strength mechanical based on the differences in the physical characteristics of air, ice and water(National Natural Science Foundation Item number:5127922)、Shanxi province returned personnel of scientific research fund project:the research of ice-water detection method in alpine area and ite application in the ice monitoring of wanjiazhai hydroelectric dam(Item number:2012-045). In January2012,in the period of more than a month, the test results show that during the operation, the new monitoring system continuous and reliably achieve multiple monitoring points on cross section data collection and transmission,and able to meet the require of multiple monitoring points in real-time standard,and with great application value.This paper introduces in detail the design and installation of monitoring system and data processing and analysis, the completed contents as follows:1. Access to relevant literature, introduced the research background and summarizing the existing technology, put forward the research content.2. Conducted a feasibility analysis on the technologys involved in the system include sensor technology, data transmission technology and wireless networking technology, select the system design scheme. Through the Zigbee module for wireless networking in multiplesensor system,so as to realize the automatic monitoring of the monitoring section.3. According to the system design scheme, designed the monitoring system hardware and software parts, and made detailed introduction on each part. The main parts include sensor, data processing unit, Zigbee network module and the data transmission module.4. According to the actual situation and on-site installation specification of the Yellow River hydrological observation requirements, analyzed the ice flood information of hydrological where the sysytem was, introduced the installation site selection and installation method in detail.5. Through the analysis of hydrological data collected during the running of the system, initially established the Yellow River section ice conditions mathematical model, summarized the shortcomings of the system and discussed the future development of it. |
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