Research On Clustering Routing Protocol Based LEACH For Wireless Sensor Network

One of the top ten emerging technologies as wireless sensor networks is a new generation of sensor networks, which is a set of sensor technology, micro-electromechanical technology, modern networking and wireless communications in an integrated intelligent information processing platform. It can be widely used in public safety, environmental protection, emergency command, intelligent transportation, intelligent home and many other fields.Energy constraint is a large defect of wireless sensor networks. How to extend-the effective life cycle of the network under certain energy becomes the current focus research of network data transmission. The most energy is consumed during the data transmission of network. Therefore, research on routing protocol for WSN becomes paid much attention.Studying and analyzing classical clustering routing protocol of WSN--LEACH protocol is focused in this dissertation. There are several shortcomings for the LEACH protocol, such as the uneven distribution of cluster head node, energy consumption is not balanced, single-hop routing and so on. LEACH-DE, LEACH-H and LEACH-DEH as improved algorithm were proposed.LEACH-DE algorithm considers not only the node residual energy but also the distances among the clusters chosen during the cluster selection. It means that only those nodes with large residual energy and their distances satisfying the constraint conditions can be chosen as clusters. This makes the clusters are distributed more uniform and the energies of different nodes consumption similarly. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively extend the network life cycle and balance the network energy consumption.LEACH-H, which is using the Hopfield neural network to realize the multi-hop transmission during the data transfer phase is proposed. The simulation results show that the algorithm can extend the network life cycle, and improve the routing speed. Obviously, it is more suitable for large-scale.LEACH-DEH is the combination of LEACH-DE algorithm and LEACH-H algorithm. It considers not only the node residual energy but also the distances among the clusters chosen during the cluster selection, while based on Hopfield neural network multi-hop data transmission phase algorithm is used to make the energy less consumption. Simulation results show that the algorithm are further improved than LEACH-ED algorithm and LEACH-H algorithm in balanced comprehensive energy consumption and prolong network lifetime.