Research On Energy Balance Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Network

WSN is the self-organization distributed wireless network which is composed of the numerous sensor devices. All types of monitored environmental information, such as temperature, atmospheric pressure, illumination is integrated to be sent out to the base station for processing through the cooperation of the sensor nodes. Since WSN deployment is flexible and the maintenance is simple, WSN has been implemented in all fields, such as military, medical treatment, agriculture and mining.WSN is different from traditional wireless network. WSN is composed of self-organization sensor nodes and is taken as the distributed network with limited energy. The monitoring area is in the harsh environment, so how to lower down the energy consumption of nodes and balance the energy consumption distribution is the key point of routing protocol research.This essay has firstly stated the relative concepts of WSN and network and the nodes structure, application field etc.., and then listed out the flat routing protocol and hierarchical routing protocol which can be taken as the representatives, and also arranged simple introduction of the operating mechanism. After that, the essay has focused on the introduction of the main ideas of LEACH protocol and also started the concrete description and analysis of the two operating phrases of LEACH. Finally, the essay has pointed out the improvement methods of cluster head election process and data transferring between clusters due to the bug of LEACH.The main task of improvement protocol is in the following three aspects: node level division, cluster election optimization and multi hop routing election optimization. The concrete content is as follows: 1st, please divide nudes via fixed radius concentric circles; 2nd, based on considering the surplus energy, the distance between nods and base station and the times of clusters to be selected, please optimize the cluster election threshold formula and abandon the node mechanism which cannot be selected as cluster in the incoming round and improve the election rate of nodes which have more surplus energy and get closer to the base station. Then set up the weighted value of every cluster once become cluster according to the criteria of surplus energy. After that, it’s necessary to consider the overall weighted value, the node level and distance between node& base station for reasonably selection of parent node in the upper level. Then it will create the multi hop transmission path from cluster to the sink-node.At last, please repeatedly arrange the simulation experiment of the improvement protocol and then start comparison with the operation result of LEACH protocol under MATLAB simulation environment. The test result has indicated that the improvement protocol has played an important role in the life cycle extension of network and balance the energy consumption distribution.