Research On Hierarchical Clustering Routing Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks are now used in various fields of life.Because the battery energy carried by the sensor nodes is limited and cannot be replaced and supplemented in most conditions,as an important supporting technology of the wireless sensor network,the improvement of the routing protocol is save the energy of the sensor network.One of the important ways to extend the life of sensor network.Based on the research and optimization of hierarchical clustering routing protocol and the classical clustering routing protocol LEACH,this paper proposes corresponding improvements for the shortcomings of LEACH protocol cluster head selection and unsuitable for large-scale deployment environment.The optimization plan finally achieves the purpose of extending the life cycle of the wireless sensor network.(1)In order to solve the problem that the LEACH protocol cluster head selection is more cumbersome and the cluster head selection in different regions is not targeted,a LEACH-PE improved LEACH-PE algorithm with partition and energy balance is proposed.The algorithm performs partitioning according to the distance between the node and the sink node,adopts different cluster head election threshold formulas for the sensor nodes in the region according to the situation in different partitions,and improves the cluster head election by introducing the two influence factors of distance and residual energy.The threshold formula makes the selection of the cluster head more reasonable.By reducing the possibility of irrational clustering,the task load of nodes in the whole network is balanced,the energy consumption in the network is more balanced,and the node is prevented from prematurely due to energy exhaustion.The phenomenon of exiting the network extends the life cycle of the entire network.(2)In order to improve the adaptability of LEACH protocol in large-scale deployment environment,a large-scale wireless sensor network LEACH routing algorithm is proposed.First,the wireless sensor network deployment area is partitioned,and the distance between the node and the sink node is divided into a near-end area,a relay area,and a remote area according to the distance between the node and the sink node,and nodes in each area use different cluster head election thresholds.The formula performs clustering of cluster heads.Secondly,according to the residual energy of all nodes in the relay area,the wireless sensor network operation process is divided into two stages.The nodes located in the relay area at different stages use different path policies to send information to the sink node.The multi-hop routing and reasonable selection of cluster head nodes balance the energy consumption of the whole network,preventing the energy consumption of the "hot zone" node from being too fast,resulting in a decline in network service life and service quality.Compared with the LEACH protocol,the improved LEACH protocol has a certain degree of improvement in overall performance in a large-scale deployment environment.Finally,this paper uses MATLAB to construct the simulation environment.The corresponding experimental results show that the two improved algorithms can improve the energy efficiency of the wireless sensor network and extend the life cycle of the network to some extent.