Research Of Clustering And Saving Energy Routing Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks

As a new technique of collecting and processing data,wireless sensor networks(WSN)have required more and more attentions both in military and civil fields,such as has been widely used in military defense, environmental monitoring, health, intelligence Home and so on. Due to the limited energy of sensor nodes, therefore, in the design of wireless sensor routing protocol, considering the energy efficiency of nodes and load balance in the network, has important theoretical and practical significance.The basic knowledge of wireless sensor networks is briefly introduced.Though the analysis of plane routing protocols and sub-cluster routing protocol,we can get that clustering routing protocol is simple and efficient, structured, efficient energy utilization, data fusion, etc.LEACH protocol is one of the typical representatives. In the analysis and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various routing protocols, and then,we choose the typical hierarchical routing protocol-LEACH as the research object,it describes the principle and mechanism of LEACH. Drawing on its excellent clustering algorithm,an algorithm called LEACH-HA was proposed.First, under the circumstance of existence of heterogeneous wireless sensor network node, the optimal number of cluster heads is derived in the network. In the choice of cluster heads nodes,take the location and energy into account,so the choice of cluster heads is more reasonable. Though estimating the cluster radius of each cluster, we can come to the number of members contained in each cluster theoretically. Judging the location of cluster heads, in order to better the energy balance, we abolish the cluster heads which lie in the edge.Then a little number of nodes join to the nearest neighboring cluster. In addition, after the cluster heads are determined, it is decided to join the cluster though considering the energy of cluster heads and the distance from node to cluster heads. In the steady-state phase,Integrated the advantages of single-hop and multi-hop routing protocols,the date which collected by members of each cluster will reach the cluster heads. A hybrid communication mode that cluster heads alternate between single hop and multi-hop mode with certain probability is proposed.It takes the transmission of single-hop in the cluster,while in the inter-cluster using the transmission of alternating of single-hop and multi-hop. Date is transmitted to next hop via data fusion and it will be transmitted directly to the data base when there are no suitable next hop cluster heads.Selecting MATLAB to emulate.Via the analysis of experimental results and compared with LEACH, simulation results show that the algorithm can provide better load balance of cluster heads.It improves the energy efficiency among nodes and prolongs the network lifetime well.