| Public Emergency is defined as the suddenly occurred and urgent event which has caused or would cause heavy casualties, property damages, serious ecosystem destruction or grave social harmfulness, endangering public security. Public Emergency is divided into four kinds: natural disasters, accidental disasters, public health events, and social security events. Under certain conditions, Public Emergency can evolve into Public Crisis. Since the 1980s, all kinds of frequently occurred emergencies, threats and disasters have given us no choice other than concerning about the Public Crisis. In the field of public health, the crisis of SARS, which burst forth in 2003, brought great influences on the economy and other aspects of the country, and the domestic panic greatly affected normal life of the public. This phenomenon put forward a new request for the intelligence research, that is, the research of intelligence should serve for government crisis management and decision by developing and utilizing information resources, facing national security and economic construction.Crisis is information driven, and the information management always accompanies the crisis management. The collection, processing, analysis and utilization of information in the case of crisis are the important steps in determining the correctness of the crisis management strategy, and play a great role in raising the efficiency and effect of Crisis Management. It is a grave social issue that the field of intelligence must consider, research and resolve. Based on the intelligence theories, and combining with complicated scientific thoughts, this thesis targets at researching and solving the construction and operating mechanism of Public Crisis Information Management System as well as the related theories and practices, besides, it also aims at offering theoretic evidences, policy suggestions and solutions for constructing and perfecting the domestic Public Crisis Information Management System, increasing domestic emergency response ability and crisis management level. The concrete contents and the related conclusions are as follows:This paper systematically reviews and concludes the domestic and international literatures concerning Public Crisis Management, and it focuses on analysis, conclusion and evaluation of the achievements of this field. It is revealed from the current condition of Public Crisis Management that crisis management theory research and practice research have offered grand research space and foundation for crisis information management. Crisis Information Management is a multi-discipline field, and building a crisis management system centered by crisis information management system has become the key point in increasing crisis response ability and implementing an efficient management.The research of the basic theories on Crisis Information Management is a weak link at present. According to the analysis of the concept and characteristics of crisis, this article analyzes the crisis environment and influential factors, which leads to the result that the happening of the crisis is attributed to information missing, communication gap, and strategy errors. The core of Public Crisis Management is the management of Crisis Information, the latter supporting the former. Combining of the practice of Public Crisis Management, this thesis analyzes the complicacy and influential factors of public psychology in the context of crisis, and it also analyzes the display of crisis psychology and the consequences brought out by the crisis with Caplan psychological crisis model. What's more, this paper discusses the information scientific foundation of Crisis Information Management, analyzes its basic characteristics such as high concealment, low occurrence and high uncertainty. It interprets the phenomena and causes of information Asymmetry, Incompleteness and Disproportion in the context of crisis according to Uncertainty Theory, demonstrates the relationship between Crisis Information Management and Crisis Management, as well as its core contents. It presents the new prospect of Public Crisis information Management that takes the crisis strategy as its heart, resource management and spread and construction of Crisis Information as its body. Moreover, it gives a discussion on the Complicated Science foundation and Value Philosophy foundation, reveals the close relationship between value trend and human social behaviors, and then draws a conclusion that the basic principle of Crisis Information Management is Value Trend.Crisis Information Resource Management is a specific process of collecting, processing, analyzing, utilizing and controlling of the information, the crisis information flow goes through the whole process of the management activity, and its resource management is also restricted and influenced by many factors. This thesis takes the emergent public health event SARS as background, analyzes the influential factors and error zones easy to form, proposes the Crisis Information Management Principle which takes the management theory as foundation, the practice as target, the activity as contents, and the strategy as core, and expatiates on the main functions of Crisis Information Management. Crisis Information Resource Management System is consisted of Information Resource Guarantee System, Human Resource System and Information Technology System. Under the condition of crisis, the Information Resource Management System should be based on the social informationization, considering the construction of Information Resource Guarantee System as its core, taking the Strategic Information Fellowship and Backup System as connection to form a social Public Crisis Information Resource Network. Crisis Information Resource Management concerns with many factors such as government departments, information organizations, main media, and the variation of social public and environment. Information is similar to the nerves of the crisis life circle, and it goes through the whole management of crisis and forms the systematic body of Crisis Information Management, enhancing its whole function. In order to realize the multi-function body based Crisis Information Resource Management Model, the key of this system is to build a multiple Information Research Coordination Mechanism, which is centered by the governmental information organization. Through clarifying different responsibilities, rights, and duties of different bodies in crisis information management, it is going to build a multi-stratum Crisis Information Resource Guarantee Mechanism based on the construction of routine information resources.The spread of Crisis Information is on the basis of information philosophy and philosophic hermeneutics. Information philosophy reveals the direct influence of the complicacy of the semantic information spread on the content, while philosophic hermeneutics demonstrates the cognition science principles of Inter-subjectivity and Horizontverschmelzung of Crisis Spread Activity. This thesis demonstrates the constitution of Crisis Stakeholders as well as the formation mechanism, and it makes a concrete analysis on the functional mechanism of Stakeholders in the context of crisis. On the basis of the analysis on the construction and relationship of the main body of Crisis Spread, the paper proposes and proves the"5F"Hypothesis, which contains Flow of Crisis Information Flow, Noise Interruption Flow, Main Relationship Flow, Functional Influence Flow, and Management Control Flow respectively. According to the comparative analysis of the spread models and from the angle of view of Information Management, the article puts forward a new model, and discusses the Agenda-setting and management of main media in crisis information spread, psychological conflict of decision making and behavior relationship as well as its influence on Crisis Information Spread. Besides, it also analyzes the relationship and functional mechanism of Stakeholders in the complicate social network and it discusses the Weak-Strong Tie and Structural Hole Phenomenon as well as position advantage and information advantage derived from them in the spread of crisis information. In addition, the thesis constructs a comprehensive model based on the network platform and Complicated Adaptive System theory, and analyzes the function and interactive mechanism of all the factors.Crisis Management Information System is a huge system composed of simple sub-systems and multiple functions, with characteristics similar to other systems. This paper targets on the current construction of domestic Public Crisis Management Information System, and expatiates on the main scheme, technical system, application standard, basic structure, function as well as the development of current condition in terms of theories, effects and functions. Through deep analysis of the framework of C4ISR system and DoDAF system, this thesis draws a conclusion that C4ISR system has presented a great advantage in response to the public emergencies in many local wars, so it is a valuable enlightenment for the construction of domestic Public Crisis Information System. Then it proposes the framework of Public Crisis Information System of our nation.System evaluation is an important method for optimizing the design and examining the practical effect of the system. AHP-FCE is an ideal method in nowadays systematic evaluation, which combines qualitative analysis with quantitative analysis and expresses with quantitative method. This paper takes CDC gateways and CDC direct-report network systems as the evaluative objects, constructs a three-dimensional ladder evaluation model and builds an evaluation index set of Crisis Information System Emergency Response Capability which is consisted of four levels and thirty factors. And what's more, it also preliminarily analyzes the Public Crisis Information System Emergency Response Capability.According to the framework of domestic Information Resource Management Strategy Analysis, the thesis proposes the framework of National Public Crisis Information Management Strategy Analysis. It also points out the problems which are urgently needed to be researched and solved, such as the research on basic theories and rules of Crisis Information Management, the operating mechanism of Crisis Information Management, the emergency preparedness and the whole response capability, national Crisis Information Resource Guarantee System and deployment, the training and education of managers, and the related systematic construction of laws, and other than that, this thesis directly demonstrates the countermeasures and suggestions on optimizing and perfecting our domestic Public Crisis Information Management System.Conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1) Crisis is driven by information, with the characteristics of complexity. The core of crisis management is crisis information management. Lack of information, breaking of communication and miss of decision are the important causes of crisis.(2) Optimal configuration of crisis information resources is the critical basis to promote government's capability to manage crisis. Foundation of crisis information resource management mode based on GIRP idea may enlarge and enhance the overall function of the system.(3) The"Tri-Helix Structure"made up of people involved in crisis interests and the"5F"hypothesis lay an important theoretical foundation for the management of crisis information spread.(4) C4ISR/ DoDAF framework and GIG may be used for reference in EMIS framework to construct crisis information resource management mode based on GIRP idea through integration system, enlarging and enhancing the overall function of the system.(5) China has established the information system of public crisis response and the network reporting system, improving and strengthening the emergency response capability, but strengthening the evaluation of the emergency response capability is an important task.(6) The thesis deploys further and more systematic research on the basic theories, response management mechanism, information resource configuration, crisis co-response capability promotion, staff education and training, and related law system construction of public crisis information management.The thesis presents new breakthroughs and innovations in the theoretical research and applied research of public crisis information management, three aspects are embodied:(1) It expatiates on the constitution, patterns and dynamic rules of Crisis Information Flow, and the crisis information management flow process as well as the operating mechanisms of each phase in crisis lifecycle. It proposes academic views including that crisis is driven by information, the process of crisis influence is the process of crisis information action and evolution; lack of information, breaking of communication and miss of decision are the important causes of crisis; the core of crisis management is crisis information management, information management can be used to support the crisis management during the whole process, and crisis management level may be enhanced by enhancing information management level.(2) It expatiates on basics of crisis information spread including value philosophy, information philosophy, philosophic hermeneutics, proposes the"Tri-Helix Structure"of crisis information spread management characterized by"one axis and three main lines"as well as the"5F"hypothesis of crisis information spread flow, introduces the"Small World"phenomena,"Six Degrees of Separation","Scale Free Network"and"Social Network Analysis"theories into the filed of crisis information spread research, revealing the social network structure of crisis information spread as well as the basic rules and mechanisms of interactions among multi-functional main bodies.(3) Understanding crisis information activities and management with complicated scientific thoughts, the thesis proposes the theoretical framework of public crisis information resource management mode based on Government Information Resource Planning (GIRP), and proposes to build C4ISR-based National Public Emergency Management Information System on the basis of C4ISR system, DoDAF framework and GIG technology, so as to fully improve national emergency response capability.The science of intelligence needs continuous exploiting and innovation. The construction and operating mechanism of Public Crisis Information Management System is also an evolving issue. Further research needs to be done in the field of Public Crisis Information Management and the theory framework construction. Therefore all the facts offer a grand research space and prospect for this field.
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