A Study On The Social Work Intervention Of The Improvement Of Self-management Ability Of The Elderly With Chronic Diseases From The Perspective Of Self-efficacy Theory

At present,the scale of aging population in China shows a rapid growth trend,and the degree of aging population is deepening day by day.As the increasing of the age,the elderly health began to fall,there will be a different type or different degrees of chronic diseases,and senile chronic diseases of hypertension,hyperglycemia,hyperlipidemia(" three highs ")in the treatment of long time and high cost,serious influence the health of the elderly status and quality of life,also brought burden for their families and society.At the same time,many elderly people have low health self-management ability,which adds to the living and economic burden brought by these diseases.Therefore,from the perspective of social work,this paper conducts intervention and research on the improvement of self-management ability of the "three High" elderly.From the perspective of self-efficacy theory,this paper uses professional social work methods to conduct intervention and research on the improvement of self-management ability of elderly patients with chronic diseases.First of all,questionnaires and interviews were used to investigate the current situation of self-management of elderly patients with chronic diseases in Y community and analyze the problems existing in self-management of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Secondly,based on the four ways of personal experience,substitution experience,verbal encouragement and physical and emotional status of self-efficacy theory,the group work method was used to intervene in the self-management cognition,self-management behavior,social support utilization and psychological and emotional four dimensions of the 8 "three high" elderly people,and 6 group activities were designed and carried out to improve the self-management ability of the group members.Thirdly,after the end of the group,the process of the group activities and the results achieved by the group work are evaluated by combining qualitative and quantitative methods.The evaluation results showed that the group members mastered more knowledge about the "three high",and improved the level of self-management cognition;The bad behavior of group members was improved and the ability of self-management was improved.Through the group,there are more patients who can communicate with each other and supervise each other,and a closer connection with the community has been established.The peer support network and community support network of group members have been expanded,and they have learned to use social support for self-management.Group members can correctly understand their own physical conditions and emotions,master some methods to regulate negative emotions,relax the body and mind,in daily life can relieve the tension of the physical state and negative emotions.Therefore,it is effective for group work from the perspective of self-efficacy theory to intervene in the improvement of self-management ability of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Finally,the conclusions of this study,reflections on this study and suggestions on the improvement of self-management ability of elderly patients with chronic diseases are put forward to provide reference for future studies in related fields.