| Taking macrofungi in Suiyang County as the research object,the species diversity,floristic composition,and the correlation between species diversity and different environments such as altitude,vegetation type,temperature,monthly average temperatures,monthly average rainfall and season were studied by collecting macrofungi resources from 7 townships(including Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve).The species and threat degree of macrofungi were evaluated,and the species list of macrofungi in Suiyang County was compiled,with emphasis on the genetic diversity of Lactarius resources.The main results are as follows:1.Species diversity study: A total of 285 species were identified from 719 specimens by morphological observation and molecular identification,belonging to 2phyla,6 classes,16 orders,52 families,126 genera and 285 species,including 8species of Ascomycetes,3 classes,4 orders,6 families,8 genera and 277 species of Basidiomycetes,3 classes,12 orders,47 families,118 genera.There were 21 newly recorded species in China,10 endemic species in China,83 newly recorded species in Guizhou Province and 157 newly recorded species in Suiyang County,and 3 new species were proposed.2.Faunal composition: There were 10 dominant families of macrofungi in Suiyang County,including 185 species,accounting for 64.91% of the total species of macrofungi in Suiyang County,and occupying a dominant position in the population composition of macrofungi in Suiyang County.There were 13 dominant genera,including 117 species,accounting for 41.05% of the total species of macrofungi in Suiyang County.The genera of macrofungi in Suiyang County were mainly distributed in the world,followed by the genera distributed in the north temperate zone,among which there were 62 genera and 176 species distributed in the world,accounting for 49.21% of the total genera;There were 23 genera and 56 species in the north temperate zone,accounting for 18.25% of the total genera.3.Study on the correlation between species and environment: The richness and diversity index of macrofungi in the area of 800 m ～ 1000 m above sea level were higher than those in other altitudes;The species number of macrofungi in broad-leaved forest,mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest and coniferous forest were quite different,among which 153 species of macrofungi were found in broad-leaved forest,accounting for 53.68% of the total species.The abundance and diversity index of macrofungi were higher than other conditions when the temperature was 17℃,the monthly average rainfall was 94 mm and in October.4.Macrofungi resources evaluation: 285 species of macrofungi in Suiyang County were evaluated,and 47 species of edible fungi were found in Suiyang County,accounting for 16.49% of the total species;18 species of medicinal bacteria resources,accounting for 6.32%;25 species of poisonous bacteria resources,accounting for8.77%;There were 13 kinds of resources for both food and medicine,accounting for4.56%,and the other 183 kinds were not recorded in literature.5.Evaluation of threat degree of macrofungi: It was found that among 285 macrofungi species,one species was threatened at VU level,Boletus miniatoaurantiacus;One Near Threatened(NT)species,Ganoderma sichuanense;There were 35 species with data deficiencies(DD),the results showed that 37 species of macrofungi should be protected in Suiyang County,accounting for 12.98% of the total species of macrofungi;There were 99 non-dangerous(LC)species,accounting for 34.74% of macrofungal species.6.Study on genetic diversity of Lactarius: It was found that there were three subgenera of Lactarius in Suiyang County: Lactarius subg.Plinthogalus,Lactarius subg.Russularia and Lactarius subg.Lactarius.By studying the genetic diversity of Lactarius species in Suiyang County,it was found that the genetic distance between Lactarius oomsisiensis and Lactarius albidocinereus was the closest;The genetic diversity of Lactarius chichuensis was higher than that of other species. |
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