Studies On Macrofungi Diversity Of Fengmishan Of Khanka Lakenational Nature Reserve In Heilongjiang Province

Mushrooms are economically important since they serve as food, medicine, biocontrolagents, chemical producers of bioactive compounds used in the pharmaceutical and many otherindustries.A study was conducted in Fengmishan located in Heilongjiang province, China toinvestigate the diversity of macrofungi associated with different tree species.Different plots withdifferent environment were chose to investigate. All macrofungi seen within the transect beltwere collected, and the habitat and morphological were recorded in detail. The total number ofmacrofungi found during the survey on Fengmi Hill in2012/2013was405species,and theidentification of specimen was based on macroscopic and microscopic features.The Identified species belong to100genera of53families of18orders. Majority of thefungi belonged to the Agaricales (93species), followed by the Russulales (24species) andBoletales（15species） respectively. While the Gloeophyllales, Geastrales and Tremellales wereeach represented by just a single species. The species abundance of the families was alsoassessed. The most abundant family was the Russulaceae with22species, followed byAgaricaceae represented by17, Tricholomataceae and Polyporaceaerepresented by10respectively. The most abundant genera was Russula, followed by Mycena, Amanita, Marasmius,Helvella, Agaricus and Cortinarius.The relationship of macrofungi between forest vegetation and seasonal variation in FengmiHill were also studied. Native broad-leaved forest shows significantly higher species abundantthan the other plots. The abundance of species in broad-leaved forest with a fire history rankssecondly. The mixed forest followed, and then the grassland, the artificial conifer forest have thelowest abundance. The season correlation analysis shows that macrofungi occured in May, andthe numbers and species burst came in July, and reached the maximum in August, and graduallyreduced.Given that the forest is the major habitat for macrofungi and other living organisms, thereis need for appropriate design of management schemes to safeguard remnants of the forest. Thelist of macrofungi in this study provides the baseline information needed for the assessment ofchanges in biological diversity and protection of the ecological environment inFengmishanRegion.