Biodiversity Of Macrofungi In Changbai Mountain Region

The relationship between species diversity, mycobiota, ecological distribution ofmacrofungi in Changbai Mountain were studied in the present thesis, as well as the evaluation ofendangered species and conservation.More than6000macrofungi specimens were collected, and858species belonging to2phuluns,9classes,26orders,91families and275genus were identified. Among them,246species were Edible and116species were medicinal. One new species and twenty new specieswere firstly recorded to China. The species checklist was arranged according to the taxonomicsystem of Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition,2008).In the respect of the floristic composition, containing more than10kinds of the advantagesof families, there are22families and652species, accounting for24.18%of the total number offamilies and accounting for75.99%of the total number of all macrofungi species of changbaimountain. They are Agaricaceae, Amanitaceae, Cortinariaceae, Entolomataceae, Inocybaceae,Hygrophoraceae, Lyophyllaceae, Physalacriaceae, Marasmiaceae, Mycena ceae, Pleurotaceae,Pluteaceae, Psathyrellaceae, Strophariaceae, Tricholomataceae, Boletaceae, Suillaceae,Hymenochaetaceae, Fomitopsidaceae, Meruliaceae, Polyporaceae, Russulaceae. There are40dominant genera which contain more than5species, occupy all genera number14.55%,490species, and occupy all species number57.11%. In the respect of the floristic composition, themacrofungi of changbai mountain are mainly with the north temperate zone and word-wildeelement. Among them,422species are belong to the north temperate zone, occupy all species ofChangbai mountain49.18%;172Word-wilde species, occupy all species of Changbai mountain20.05%; Others, species of Eurasia, East Asia-North America disjunctive distribution are elseoccupied certain proportion. But, Changbai mountain are mainly with north temperate zoneaccorrding to the results.Macrofungi ecological distribution: The highest quantities of the dominant genera and thespecies number of Macrofungi in five vegetation region is theropencedrymion, there are237species,25genera. These include the total number of11.90%genura and46.93%species in thetheropencedrymion. The second highest are broad-leaved forest vegetation, contain126species,16dominant genera, occupy all genera numbers of9.87%, and occupy all species numbers of36.73%. By contrast, The vegetational form are singleness enough in alpine tundra, the numbersof dominant genera and species are lowest,5species,1genera, occupy all genera numbers of5.26%, and occupy all species numbers of13.88%. there are60dominant genera in5vegetationregions through the statistics. Among them, Lactarius is the only one dominant species in the5main vegetation regions. At the same time similarity of macrofungi compared among5main vegetation regions.The evaluation and conservation of endangered species and scarce resources of macrofungiin Changbai mountain was studied with125species. The AHP and Delphi method wereundertook to determine the weight for each factor. The result show that, there were8endangeredspecies,13weak species,15sensitive species in Changbai mountain; another, there are6first-grade state protected species,12second-grade state protected species and20third-gradestate protected species.At end, taking the genus of Hydropus and Alnicola as making the genetic diversity research,analysis of the molecular relationships among every groups base on ITS, LSU, SSU and Rpb2sequence. In the analysis of Hydropus, a tree with4groups of Hydropus and other similarspecies were constructed. The result show that, the relationship of H. marginellus and H.atramentosus are more closed than both of other two species. In the analysis of Alnicola andother related groups, affirm to true taxonomic identifications of A. bohemicaå'ŒA. silvaenovaewith molecular menthods. In addition, the result show that the relationship of Alnicola andHebeloma were closest. Meanwhile, the morphylogic taxonomy of Hebeloma senatum as newspecies were affirm again according to moleculer evidency.