Preliminary Research On Macrofungi Resource In Yichun Of Heilongjiang Province

Species diversity of macrofungi, flora diversity of macrofungi and the economic fungi in Yichun area of Heilongjiang province were studied in this paper.Study on species diversity showed that about 900 specimens in 260 species macrofungi were collected, which belonged to 2 phylum 5 classes, 14 orders, 52 families, 113 genera. Including 9 species from 2 classes, 3 orders, 6 families, 7 genera which belonged to Ascomycota; and 251 species from 3 classes, 11 orders, 46 families, 106 genera which belonged to Basidiomycota: There are 36 new species recorded in Heilongjiang Province. The diversity catalogue of 260 species were arranged according to Dictionary of the Fungi(2008, 10th) and “Index Fungorum” online database. The voucher specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of the Mycological Institute, Jilin Agricultural University(HMJAU).The fungi flora is very abundant in Yichun area of Heilongjiang Province, The dominant families are Tricholomataceae, Russulaceae, Agaricaceae, Mycenaceae, Strophariaceae, Inocybaceae, Polyporaceae, Entolomataceae, Marasmiaceae, which contain more than 10 species respectively, with 146 species together, accounting for 56.15% of the total amount of macrofungi in Yichun area. The dominant genera are Russula, Lactarius, Mycena, Inocybe, Pholiota, Entoloma, Clitocybe, Cortinarius, Marasmius, Agaricus, Pluteus, Melanoleuca, Tricholoma, which are more than 5 species respectively, with 115 species together, 44.23% of the total amount of macrofungi in Yichun area.260 species of macrofungi iobtained in Yichun area were analyzed. 109 species of fungi are edible, accounting for 41.92% of the total identification numbers, which were mainly distributed in Tricholomataceae, Russulaceae, Agaricaceae, 44 total species of edible fungi of these three families account for 40.37% of the total edible numbers. 52 species were medicinal fungi(including 21 species of edible and medicinal fungi), accounting for 20.00% of the total number. Among them, 41 species of medicinal fungi had antitumor effect, 8 species of medicinal fungi have immune modulating effect, 17 species of medicinal fungi had antibacterial antiviral effect, 8 species of medicinal fungi had antioxidation effect, and 4 species of medicinal fungi had Hemostasis effect. 21 species of poisonous mushrooms were obtained, which account for 8.08% of the total identification numbers, and among them, 10 species of fungi had neuropsychiatric disorders, 2 species of fungi were hemolytic type, 1 species fungus was respiratory cycle failure type. The results show that the economic fungi resources in Yichun area were abundant, and thus had a very broad development prospects.