| Located in the center of China's subtropical zone,Fanjingshan is surrounded by karst mountains and becomes an ecological island with complex terrain,varied ecological niche and lush vegetation.The forest coverage rate of the reserve is as high as 96%,and its forest ecosystem is one of the best preserved in the same latitude zone in the world.This paper studies the species diversity,floristic composition,similarity,and correlation between macrofungi and plant communities in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve,aiming to find out the diversity of macrofungi in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve.The purpose is to do some preliminary researches on the nature of the reserves,and to accumulate data for the protection and rational development and utilization of macrofungi in the reserve.(1)A total of 811 species of macrofungi,belonging to 2 phyla,7 classes,23 orders,87 families and 249 genera,were identified by the methods of morphology and molecular biology through field collection in Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve and relevant documents.Among them,there were 100 species of edible fungi,79 species of medicinal fungi,40 species of toadstool fungi,490 species newly recorded in Fanjingshan,14 species newly recorded in China,14 species newly recorded in Guizhou Province and 3 chinese endemic species: Sinohygrocybe tomentosipes,Aureoboletus zangii,Zangia olivaceobrunnea.The list of large fungi is arranged in accordance with the tenth edition of "Dictionary of The Fungi"(2008)and the "Index Fungorum" database system.(2)According to the analysis of the geographical composition of the flora,there are 24 families and 589 species of dominant families with 10 species or more of species,accounting for 73.37% of the total number of macrofungi species in the reserve,covering most of the species in the reserve.Among them,there are 106 species of Russulaceae,accounting for 13.07% of the total species,and 40 species of Boletaceae,accounting for 4.93% of the total species.The dominant genera containing 5 or more species has 40 genera,a total of 485 species,accounting for 59.80% of the total number of species,the most is Russula 65 species,accounting for 8.01% of the total number of species,also includes Ascomycota Xylaria,Cordyceps and Helvella.The protected area is mainly distributed in the world,with 137 genera,accounting for 55.20% of the total number of genera.The northern temperate distribution and tropical-subtropical distribution are important components,and many genera are East Asia-North America intermittent Distributed,there are also Chinese endemic genera.The similarity analysis between the flora of the genus of Macrofungi in Fanjingshan and the protected areas and regions of surrounding provinces shows that the similarity coefficient between Fanjingshan and Micangshan National Nature Reserve is the highest.(3)Based on the analysis of the diversity and correlation between macrofungi and 6 plant communities,it was found that the richness of deciduous broad-leaved forest in community IV was the largest,and the diversity index of macrofungi in mixed evergreen broad-leaved and deciduous forest was the best in community ?.Analysis of the nutrient mode and substrate selection of the macrofungi in the sample showed that the macrofungi of Fanjing Mountain is mainly saprophytic fungi,and the main way is to grow soil.Redundant analysis(RDA)shows that the distribution of large fungi in Fanjingshan is mainly affected by altitude,especially Amanitaceae and Hydnaceae,while Russulaceae and Mycenaceae are less affected and are widely distributed in the reserve. |
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