The Sustainable Livelihood Study Of Tourism Informal Employment In Ethnic Areas

Informal employment is an important way to expand employment posts and relieve employment pressure,especially in tourism employment in ethnic areas,most of the forms are tourism informal employment.In order to deepen the research on poverty and improve the livelihood level of tourism informal employment,the sustainable livelihood theory is introduced.Affected by the development of tourism,the local original livelihood state,economy,environment,society,culture will change in varying degrees.The increase of informal employment makes people need to pay more attention to the sustainable livelihood of informal employment.Based on the existing research,this paper defines the concept of tourism informal employment,and designs the framework of sustainable livelihood analysis of tourism informal employment based on the theory of sustainable livelihood,integrating the characteristics of tourism informal employment.Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province is selected as a case study.Based on the comprehensive investigation,according to the tourism development,the distribution density of tourism informal employment and the external environment,Langmusi,Labuleng and Sangke are selected as the sample data acquisition points,and the field investigation is carried out based on the sustainable livelihood index design.First of all,questionnaire survey and semistructured interview are used to collect the data of tourism informal employment,and the sample data are calculated to obtain the evaluation results of sustainable livelihood level of tourism informal employment in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.Secondly,the tourism informal employees are divided into three categories: self employment,work type and mixed type.The correlation between sustainable livelihood level and livelihood index of different types of informal employment of tourism is analyzed.Finally,on the basis of this study,this paper analyzes the sustainable livelihood pressure and current situation of tourism informal employment in ethnic areas,and constructs the sustainable livelihood response mechanism of tourism informal employment.The results show that the sustainable livelihood of informal tourism employees in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is above the medium level,and the livelihood is sustainable,but the level is low,the ability to resist risks is weak,and the livelihood vulnerability is obvious.The structure of livelihood capital of tourism informal employment is not balanced,the mean value of financial capital and cultural capital is low,and the difference between different livelihood capital is large.For different types of tourism informal employment,the mixed type of tourism informal employment has the highest level of sustainable livelihood.Due to the diversity of livelihood strategies,it is least affected by the vulnerability background,and has the strongest resistance and adaptability to risks,but the livelihood vulnerability is still prominent.