Study On The Implementation Effect Of Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy In Yili River Valley Of Xinjiang

Yili River Valley is not only the largest oasis in Xinjiang,but also an important ecological barrier in Northwest China.As an important animal husbandry production base in Xinjiang,it has abundant animal husbandry resources.However,compared with the whole country,the development speed of animal husbandry in Yili River Valley is still at a low level,and there are still many problems in the process of development.the degradation of natural grassland and the conflict between social and economic development and grassland ecological protection are the important reasons hindering the development of animal husbandry in Yili River Valley.In order to curb the continuous deterioration of grassland ecological environment and promote the economic development of pastoral areas,the state has implemented a series of ecological protection policies and construction projects in degraded grassland areas.In particular,since 201 1,the government has implemented a five-year subsidy and reward mechanism for grassland ecological protection in eight major pastoral areas,including Tibet,Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia.In 2016,in order to continue to strengthen grassland ecological construction,the second round of grassland ecological compensation policy was launched in 13 provinces and autonomous regions.In order to provide a reference for the implementation of the policy of sustainable grassland compensation in Yili Valley Valley for 8 years,it can provide a reference for the implementation of the policy of sustainable grassland compensation in Yili Valley.This paper systematically combs the domestic and foreign research literature on ecological compensation,and expounds the theoretical basis of grassland ecological compensation by referring to the theory of coordinated development of ecological economy,externality theory and ecological compensation theory.On this basis,taking the grassland ecological compensation policy of Yili River Valley in Xinjiang as the research object,taking two typical animal husbandry counties as the research area,questionnaire survey was carried out on herdsmen Government staff interviewed to understand the changes of grassland ecology,herdsmen’s economic income and social life before and after the implementation of the policy.From the perspective of economic benefits ecological benefits,and social benefits,the evaluation index system of grassland ecological compensation policy implementation effect was constructed,and the benefit of grassland ecological compensation policy since its implementation was analyzed by using AHP-Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The evaluation results are as follows:the ecological,economic and social benefits evaluation index of Yili Valley is 7.62,5.94 and 7.33 respectively,and the comprehensive evaluation index is 7.12.The results show that since the implementation of grassland ecological compensation policy in Yili Valley,the effect of improving ecological environment and living and production conditions of herdsmen is "good",the coverage rate and height of grassland vegetation have been improved to a certain extent,the infrastructure of pastoral areas has also been greatly improved,and the effect of increasing herdsmen’s income is"general".The results show that there are still some problems in the implementation of ecological compensation policy in Yili River Valley:herdsmen do not understand the policy well,and the effect of livestock reduction is not good;policy compensation standard is low and no difference;the time of compensation payment is misplaced with animal husbandry production,and herdsmen have great loan pressure;the policy is difficult to fully implement,and the supervision is insufficient;the herdsmen lack of scientific and technological production experience and production The management mode needs to be improved.Finally,according to the actual situation of Yili River Valley,the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.