| It’s an important measure for our country to take the grassland ecological compensation to protect the grassland ecological environment. Since the implementation of grazing restrictions in2002, the grassland ecological compensation has been going on for12years in the eight major western prairie provinces and new production and construction corps of Xinjiang Province of our country. It initially contained the grassland degradation trend, and the improvement momentum of the grassland ecological environment has been shown. It marks the initial formation of grassland ecological compensation mechanism in China when the grassland ecological subsidy incentives implemented in2011. To explore the effect of grassland ecological compensation policy, this paper takes Luqu County in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province as an example, the status of the implementation of the grassland ecological compensation is analyzed from the respects of driving force, pressure, state, impact and response. Then it constructs the grassland ecological compensation evaluation system of Luqu County, and conducts a comprehensive evaluation. Finally, it makes recommendations to promote the development of grassland ecological compensation mechanism. The main results obtained are as follows:1. The implementation of grassland ecological subsidy incentives further consolidates the results of grassland ecological compensation policies, it promoted the development of socio-economic and the improvement of grassland ecological environment in pastoral. The output value of animal husbandry grows13.60%annually since2009, and the per capita net income of herdsmen increased nearly5,000Yuan, the social and economic structure tends to be further reasonable. Meanwhile, the livestock developed in good shape, the total cattle growth rate, slaughter rates and commodity rates grown8.68%,5.60%,5.32%respectively. With the further implementation of ecological compensation policies, overgrazing phenomenon is declining, livestock balance has improved, and the grass height, cover rate and biodiversity of the project area are significantly better than non-engineering area.2. Since the implementation of the grassland ecological compensation, the grassland ecological condition of Luqu County has shown a gradual improvement overall, and the comprehensive evaluation index were0.299,0.341and0.359. And in the respects of state and response, the evaluation indexes of the three time periods are respectively0.290,0.355,0.376and0.284,0.342,0.374, showing a clear upward trend, indicating that the overall development of ecological compensation prairie is in good condition.3. Social and economic elements are the most important motivation making the grassland ecological conditions changed in Luqu County. Analysis of the grassland ecological situation in Luqu County using DPSIR. model displays that the percentage weights of the driving factor is0.371, and population quality occupies a more important proportion internal the driving factor. This indicates that to ultimately protect the grassland by using the grassland ecological compensation, we must pay attention to the development of human resources in pastoral.4. Although the effects of grassland ecological compensation in Luqu County are remarkable, but we still face great pressure, we need to increase artificial turf cultivation, strengthen human intervention such as rodent control, only in this way can we promote the sustainable development of grassland ecological environment.5. Major recommendations:in the time increasing the grassland ecological compensation efforts, we should learn the experience of grass industry from developed countries, establish scientific compensation standards, constantly improve the grassland ecological compensation system, strengthen supervision, and conduct a thorough survey of the condition of grassland resources, so as to promote real improvement of grassland ecological environment. |
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