Analysis On The Temporal And Spatial Evolution Of The Economic Efficiency Of China's Marine Three Industries And Its Influencing Factors

With the development of marine resources,restricted by the traditional extensive mode of marine economic development,the high proportion of traditional industries and the deterioration of marine environment in China's marine economy have become increasingly prominent.Although new growth points of marine emerging industries continue to appear,the situation of low efficiency in the development and utilization of marine resources in coastal provinces has not been fundamentally reversed.The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has made an important strategic plan of "turning the economy to high-quality development and building a modern economic system".China's latest "14th five year plan" also mentioned that on the basis of the current scale of the marine economy,we should promote the high-quality development of the marine economy by building a modern marine industrial system,and put forward new requirements for the transformation of the marine economy to the quality-benefit type We should pay more attention to the promotion and improvement of efficiency.To build a modern marine economic system,we need to optimize the structure of different industries,improve the efficiency of resource allocation,and promote the transformation and upgrading of industries by endogenous forces.Therefore,in the context of the current new normal economy,improving the efficiency of marine economy has become the key to achieve high-quality development of marine economy.On the basis of combing the relevant research on marine economic efficiency at home and abroad,starting from the industrial level,based on the panel data of 11 coastal provinces and cities in China from 2006 to 2016,this paper uses the super SBM model,Malmquist productivity index and decomposition method to systematically measure and analyze the changes of economic efficiency and total factor productivity(TFP)of China's marine three industries,and then uses the panel Tobit regression model to analyze the influencing factors.The results show that:1)Most of the static efficiency values of marine tertiary industry in 11 coastal provinces and cities in China are lower than 1,and there is a lack of efficiency.The pure technical efficiency level of most provinces and cities is low,and the scale development is relatively insufficient.The region with the highest static efficiency of marine primary industry is Shandong,while the region with the highest static economic efficiency of marine secondary and tertiary industry is Shanghai,which is ahead of other provinces and cities in the coastal areas of China.2)From 2006 to 2016,the average annual growth rates of TFP of the three marine industries were 1.4%,2.8% and 0.9% respectively,which contributed to the growth of marine economy.From the decomposition of TFP index,the average annual growth rates of technological progress of the three marine industries are 3.1%,1.8% and 8.5% respectively,and the average annual growth rates of technical efficiency are-1.7%,0.9% and-7%respectively.Compared with technical efficiency,technological progress has a more obvious effect on the total factor productivity of the three marine industries.3)The change of TFP growth rate of marine three industries shows a strong periodicity.According to the changes of TFP of marine three industries in 2006-2016,it can be roughly divided into three stages: continuous decline period(2006-2009),fluctuation adjustment period(2010-2013)and stable rise period(2014-2016).And in different stages of development,the leading factors affecting the economic efficiency of the three marine industries are different.During the period of continuous decline,the development of marine economy is affected by marine policies and systems;during the period of fluctuation adjustment,the development of marine economy is affected by factor driving;during the period of steady rise,the development of marine economy is affected by structural adjustment.4)The TFP growth and its contribution to the economy of the three marine industries show significant sectoral and regional differences.From the perspective of sectors,the TFP growth rate and contribution rate of the three marine industries are 10.3%,24.8% and 6.1%respectively,and the marine secondary industry is less dependent on input factors.From the perspective of 11 coastal provinces and cities,Liaoning,Hebei,Shandong and Hainan have higher TFP growth rate and contribution rate of marine primary industry,Liaoning,Hebei,Tianjin and Shanghai have higher TFP growth rate and contribution rate of marine secondary industry,and Hebei,Shandong,Shanghai and Zhejiang have higher TFP growth rate and contribution rate of marine tertiary industry.5)The degree of opening to the outside world is conducive to the improvement of the economic efficiency of the marine secondary and tertiary industries,but the impact on the economic efficiency of the marine primary industry is not obvious.The level of land economy and regional advantages have a significant positive effect on the economic efficiency of the marine secondary industry.Although the level of marine science and technology has a positive effect on the economic efficiency of the three marine industries,the effect is not significant in the study period.