Research On The Methodology Of Prefabricated Building

With the development of domestic industrialization in recent years,assembly-type buildings have received more and more attention.However,the development of prefabricated buildings is not smooth sailing.The current assembly-type building model has certain obstacles that restrict the development of fabricated buildings..Compared with the traditional cast-in-place building mode,the current prefabricated building mode has the problems of high prefabricated component cost,relatively long payback period,and difficulty in separation between design and construction.At present,the development of fabricated buildings in China is under the leadership of the government,and the willingness of enterprises to adopt assembly-type buildings is insufficient.The reason why enterprises are not willing to promote prefabricated buildings is that the excessive cost of production costs directly affects the enterprises.Interest income.In February 2017,in order to implement the"Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on the Development of Prefabricated Buildings",the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development organized the "Jiangsu Province Prefabricated Concrete Construction Engineering Quota(Trial)",for fabricated concrete.Construction projects provide a basis for pricing.This set of quota analysis compiled by Jiangsu Province found that the cost of prefabricated buildings is generally higher than that of traditional concrete cast-in-place models,and some even reach more than 20%,which leads to the overall cost of assembly buildings in the future.The speed has increased.The high cost of prefabricated buildings has caused enterprises to fall into a dilemma in the face of prefabricated buildings,restricting the development of prefabricated buildings.Therefore,the development of domestic prefabricated buildings is mainly based on government subsidies to help and promote the use of more prefabricated buildings.However,the current spontaneous driving force for the promotion of prefabricated buildings in the industry is still significant,insufficient.At its root,the main reason for the high cost of prefabricated components comes from the low standardization of fabricated buildings.At present,the domestic prefabricated building is only equivalent to transferring the on-site cast-in-place process to the prefabricated production building of the building component,and does not realize the phase separation of production and installation.Basically,a single prefabricated component factory corresponds to a single construction project.In addition,compared to the traditional cast-in-place mode,the transportation costs from the component factory to the construction site,the cost of on-site lifting and installation and connection are increased,which directly leads to an increase in the price of fabricated prefabricated components.Among these processes,the inherent transportation costs,lifting costs and on-site installation costs of prefabricated buildings are difficult to achieve in a short period of time before scientific and technological breakthroughs have been made.However,if the standardization of the components of the prefabricated building can be realized,the factory can produce the building prefabricated components on a large scale,and the scale effect and mass production can greatly reduce the cost of the prefabricated components of the prefabricated building.Moreover,the past advanced experience of the manufacturing industry and the relevant theories of economics show that in the case that the limitations of science and technology,equipment and other conditions cannot be broken in a short period of time,increasing the scale is the simplest and most direct method to reduce the cost.Standardization of components.However,"there are no two identical buildings in the world." Due to the differences in the areas in which the buildings are located,the functionalities of the buildings,the scale of construction and the different construction standards,the designers finally decided.The design of the building structural system and load selection is also different,which leads to huge differences in the structural members of the building,such as the span of the structural construction,the section size,the detail structure and the material selection.These differences lead to the fact that the current modular building components are point-to-point and do not have the prospect of being promoted to other projects,which is also a fundamental obstacle to the development of prefabricated buildings.Therefore,in this research demonstration process,a finite relative standardization model is proposed,which is to standardize related buildings in a specific area,a specific scale,and a specific function.The reason why this theory is proposed is that the most important function setting of the building(regional,load,etc.)leads to the difference in the components,components and components of the building,especially the large structural components.The difference in internal force calculation caused by the difference in load.According to the structural design principle,different areas lead to seismic grade or wind load difference.Different functions determine different upper loads,and different scales lead to differences in span.Under the premise that the area,scale and function of the building cannot be unified,it is basically impossible to achieve absolute standardization of the building components.Therefore,in the empirical process of this study,structural members of specific building products of a specific size in a specific area are selected as research objects,and only the construction of standardized families and the verification of fitness for the components of the above-defined buildings are emphasized.This method is used to prove the feasibility of a prefabricated building through a limited standardization model.In this study,only the beam-type components are discussed.Other building components have not been studied.In the subsequent research,the research methods of this paper can be used to continue the discussion of other components.Based on the above principles,this study finally selected small residential products(specific functions and scale)in a certain area(specific areas)as the research object.Considering the number of components of the building products and the convenience of subsequent research,this study mainly studies and analyzes the beam members of the building.By randomly collecting three sets of drawings of a specific scale building in a specific area as the data source library of the beam members,the beam type members are summarized and standardized according to the limited standardization mode,and the standardized general beam member sectional family is obtained.Then,arbitrarily select two sets of building structure drawings of the same type and similar scale in the same area,and use the standardized beam type cross section to reversely replace the existing beam type component sections to verify that the standardized beam type components replace the existing cast-in-place beam type components.Feasibility and effectiveness,after research and analysis,found that its effectiveness can reach more than 80%.This study demonstrates that the standardization of fabricated building components through a limited standardization model is achievable.