| As an important method for upgrading construction industry from the extensive type to the intensive type,developing prefabricated construction can effectively change the current drawbacks of construction industry like serious pollution,high energy consumption and low efficiency.As a crucial basis to leverage the advantages of prefabricated technology,standardized design is an important precondition to achieve the industrial production of prefabricated buildings.Because prefabricated construction in China is still at the developing stage,there are several problems exsiting in prebricated construction like imperfect standardization system,hysteresis of standardized design method and non-quantitative assessment of prefabricated building’s standardization level,all of which causes uncontrollability of standardized design.To be more specific,there are numerous different kinds of building components in one prefabricated construction project,which are at the low repetitive rates and can’t take the advantages of industrial production.Thus,this is main reason for the high cost of prefabricated building construction in China.In result,it is of great practical significance to discuss the standardized design method of prefabricated building on quantitative basis.Firstly,this paper illustrated principle,process path and main design content of traditional standardized design method of prefabricated construction and analyzed the problems existing in the method.And then in order to solve these problems,the quantitative and standardized design method of prefabricated construction was innovatedly proposed,and the core idea of this design method,design process and design characteristics were clarified.As for standardized quantitative design of prefabricated building,the paper analyzed the index system of product standardization in advanced manufacturing,combined with characteristics of prefabricated construction productization and component,explored standardized component definition and determination method based on the minimum production number of industrial mass production,put forward the prefabricated building standardization degree evaluation index and calculation method based on component standardization rate.In order to realize convenience of prefabricated building scheme design modeling and automatic calculation of the evaluation index to improve the design efficiency and accuracy,not only the characteristics of Sketch Up and mainstream BIM software were compared and technical approaches of implementing BIM functions in Sketch Up were researched to conform the reasonableness and superiority of Sketch Up used to quantify the standardized design method of prefabricated buildings,but also the modeling rules of prefabricated building based on Sketch Up and the technical methods of the Sketch Up secondary development were systematically studied to achieve automatic calculation program of the component standardization rate of prefabricated building based on Sketch Up.Finally,from the aspects of scheme design modeling,component standardization index analysis,design analysis and optimization,this paper systematically demonstrated the standardized design method of prefabricated building based on component standardization rate,and verifies its feasibility and advancement through the design practice of prefabricated building.The paper put forward the quantitative evaluation index and related calculation method for standardization of prefabricated building components represented by component standardization rate,and realized the automatic calculation of component standardization rate by Sketch Up secondary development technology.Finally,the standardized design method of prefabricated building based on the component standardization rate was proposed,which provides the quantitative design method and corresponding design software for the prefabricated building industry.It not only meets the demand for the standardized design of prefabricated building,but also increases the standardized design level of prefabricated building components. |
