The Occurrence And Influencing Factors Of Birth Defects In Erqi District Of Zhengzhou City,2012?2015

ObjectiveTo understand the occurrence,epidemiological characteristics and changes of perinatal birth defects in Zhengzhou Erqi district from 2012 to 2015,analyze the types and trends of birth defects and explore the influencing factors of birth defects.The aim of study is to provide the reference and basis for the etiological study and prevention of perinatal birth defects.Methods1.Data sourcesDownload "Birth Defects Reported Card" and "Perinatal Quarterly Report" data reported quarterly by monitoring hospitals in Erqi District of Zhengzhou City from Henan maternal and child health monitoring network at the time from October 1,2011 to September 30,2015.Monitoring hospitals include 9 hospitals,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou Unive rsity,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Sixth people's Hospital of Zhengzhou and other hospitals.2.Monitoring Objects and methodsAll perinatal over 28 gestational weeks to 7 days postpartum in the monitoring hospital,including birth,stillborn foetus,stillbirth.The monitoring of birth defects included 23 species:congenital heart disease,trisomy 21 syndrome(Down'ssyndrome),cleft palate,cleft lip,and cleft palate with cleft lip,etc.The " Birth Defects Reported Card" and "Perinatal Quarterly Report" were filled out according to the "ChineseBirt h Defect Monitoring Program",and the diagnosis criteria in accordance with the diagnostic ICD10.3.Statistical analysisSPSS 21.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Data were strictly checked and imported into Excel to establish a database,and the total incidence and different types of birth defects were calculated into statistical composition ratio;The count data is described by n(%).The differences of sex ratio between male and female were analyzed by ?2 test.The factors influencing the incidence of birth defects were analyzed by Possion analysis,The OR value(95%CI)was used to indicate the correlation intensity,and the test level was ?=0.05.Results1.The incidence rate: a total of 62551 perinatal infants had been documented,which included 2841 cases of birth defects,and the total incidence of birth defects was 45.42‰.The incidence of birth defects was 32.65‰,41.30‰,35.94‰ and 64.99 ‰ respectively in 2012,2013,2014 and 2015.The incidence rate increased with time(linear trend test =169.095,P<0.001).2.Epidemiological characteristics: differences in the incidence of perinatal birth defects in the 4 quarter was not statistically significant(P=0.449);the incidence rate of rural population(50.32‰)is higher than the city(41.72‰),P<0.001;male(49.91‰)higher than that of female(44.34‰),P=0.002.The incidence of birth defects in premature infants(72.75‰)was higher than that of full-term births(39.55‰),and higher than that of full-term births(39.55‰),all of which were P<0.001.3.The major birth defects and sequentially: the top five diseases and occurrence rates of birth defects from high to low were as follows: 922 cases of congenital heart disease(14.74‰),121 cases of congenital hydrocephalus(1.93‰),103 cases of hypospadias(1.65‰),100 cases of cleft lip and palate(1.60‰),multi finger(toe)96 cases(1.53‰),accounting for 47.24% in birth defects.The incidence rate of congenital heart disease had been increasing year by year in 2012~2015.4.Influencing factors of birth defects: after adjusting for the effect of other factors,risk factors of birth defects were as followed: perinatal sex(male)[male vs female: adjusted the OR value(95%CI)1.006(1.002,1.009),P=0.001];premature infants[premature infants:full-term premature infants:adjusted the ORvalue(95%CI)1.031(1.027,1.042),P<0.001];pregnant age[?35years vs <25 years:adjusti-ng the ORvalue(95%CI)0.987(0.980,0.994),P=0.001];pregnant residence(country-side)[countryside vs city: the OR value(95%CI)1.009(1.005,1.013),P<0.001].Conclusions1.The incidence rate of birth defects was higher in the Erqi district of Zhengzhou in 2012~2015 years,and it had been increasing year by year.There were regional and gender differences in the incidence.2.The top five cases of birth defects were congenital heart disease,congenital hydrocephalus,hypospadias,cleft lip and palate,multiple fingers(toe);especially congenital heart disease,there was a clear upward trend.3.The factors affecting birth defects included perinatal sex(male),preterm infants,pregnant age(<25 years)and pregnant residence(countryside).