| ObjectivesTo investigate the status and influencing factors of clinical nurses' emotional intelligence(EI), self-efficacy as well as clinical communication ability, to explore the correlation among these three variables, and to verify with the mediating effect of self-efficacy between EI and communication skills. MethodsCluster sampling method was used to evaluated 865 clinical nurses from 4 tertiary hospitals in Kaifeng. The nurses were recruited and assessed by General Information Questionnaire, Wong and Law's Emotional Intelligence Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Clinical Communication Competency Scale, General Big Five Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Job Satisfaction Scale.Data was inputted by EpiData 3.1 to establish the database and SPSS 17.0 was applied to conducted the statistical analysis. Means and standard deviations(SD) were presented for continuous variables, while frequency and percentage were used for categorical variables. The comparison of differences of variables within groups was used to the t-test and ANOVA. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors that influence nurses' clinic communication ability. Pearson correlational analysis was used to determine the correlations among EI, self-efficacy, and clinic communication ability. SPSS PROCESS plug-in was used for Bootstrap intermediary effect inspection. Results1. The status of clinical nurses' emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and clinic communication abilityThe total score of clinical nurses' emotional intelligence was 14.23 ± 2.61, and the scores of the four dimensions from high to low in turns were listed as follows: self-emotional appraisal(3.93 ± 0.77), use of emotion(3.54 ± 0.83), others' emotional appraisal(3.38 ± 0.87) and regulation of emotion(3.38 ± 0.86).The score of clinical nurses' self-efficacy was 25.36 ± 5.67, lower than the international norm value and the difference has statistical significance(t =-16.26, P < 0.001).The total score of nurses' clinical communication competency was 4.14 ± 0.54, and the six dimensions from high to low in turns were: team communication competency(4.37 ± 0.59), basic non-verbal communication competency(4.17 ± 0.57), basic language communication competency(4.17 ± 0.56), emotional awareness competency(4.14 ± 0.61), difficult situation communication competency(4.01 ± 0.60), and emotional support competency(4.00 ± 0.69).2. The influencing factors of clinical nurses' emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and clinic communication abilityThe results of univariate analysis showed that age, years of working, types of job, technical titles, departments, personnel relations, characters, health status, job burnout, job satisfaction, communication and EI trainings were the influential factors of nurses' EI(P < 0.05).The results of univariate analysis indicated that one-child family, years of working, types of job, departments, personnel relations, characters, health status, job burnout, job satisfaction, communication and EI trainings were the influential factors of nurses' self-efficacy(P < 0.05).The results of univariate analysis demonstrated that children, age, marriage, first-record of college, years of working, types of job, technical titles, departments, personnel relations, average monthly income, frequency of night shift, characters, health status, job burnout, job satisfaction, communication and EI trainings were the influential factors of nurses' clinic communication competency(P < 0.05). The further study of multiple regression analysis pointed that EI, self-efficacy, children, job satisfaction, age, health status and communication training were the main influential factors of nurses' clinic communication competency(P < 0.05).3. There was a positive correlation between the scores of nurses' EI(four dimensions), clinical communication competency(six dimensions) and self-efficacy(P < 0.01). The correlation coefficients of nurses' EI, self-efficacy and clinical communication competency were r = 0.631, r = 0.473, r = 0.428.4. The EI of nurses can significantly positively predict their clinical communication skills(B = 0.392,P < 0.001) and directly positively predict their self-efficacy(B = 0.949,P < 0.001). Furthermore, self-efficacy played an intermediary role between EI and clinical communication commitment. Conclusion1. The scores of nurses' EI and clinic communication skills were a bit higher. However, the level of nurses' self- efficacy was lower than the international norm.2. EI, self-efficacy, children, job satisfaction, age, health status and communication training were the vital influential factors of nurses' clinic communication competency.3. Self-efficacy played a mediator role between EI and clinic communication competency. |
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