| BackgroundChina has entered a stage of rapid development of aging society. With developments of the society, lifestyles have changed dramatically. Chronic diseases are major diseases for human mortality. The elderly are high-risk groups of various kinds of chronic diseases, which bring serious problems in public health. It is essential to prevent several common chronic diseases in the elderly. Chronic disease community management of the elderly becomes the inevitable trend of the aging society. As a "gatekeeper", GP (general practitioner) should take great responsibilities for preventing and control chronic diseases. Community service is one of the most effective measures to prevent chronic disease in the elderly. With community health education and health promotion strategies of GP’s, it can promote the public health.Objectives1. To survey prevalence, awareness and treatment of chronic diseases among the community old residents in Ji’nan city.2. To know effect factors of lifestyles of the old in communities.3. To know effect factors of health knowledge of the old in communities.MethodsA community health service center has joined the community health management of middle-aged residents of Ji’nan city. During March 2013 to October 2013,427 old people took health examination in the community. The survey A community health service center has joined the community health management of middle-aged residents of Ji’nan city. During March 2013 to October 2013,427 old people took health examination in the community. The survey includes:demographic information, physical examination, laboratory examination and living habits interviews. We randomly selected 174 residents to take health knowledge questionnaire in 427 old residents. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 20.0. In summary statistics, numerical variables were shown as mean ± standard deviation and classified variables was shown as frequency and percentages (%). In univariate analysis, chi square test was used in categorical variables; t-test was used in numerical variables. In multivariate analysis, when dependent variables were multi-classification variables, ordered logistic regression analysis was used and OP’s indicated the risk of different factors on outcome variables; when dependent variables were numeric variables, generalized linear regression analysis was used and pindicated each variable’s effect of health knowledge score after adjustment other variables. P<0.05 was considered significant.Results1. Among old residents, proportions of hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus were in the top three, which were 54.3%,34.6% and 18.7% respectively. The awareness of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were 70.9% and 80.0%, treatment adherence rates were 88.8% and 90% and treatment success rate were 21.1% and 37.5%.2. The influence factors of the object of study sports exercise frequency:to medical insurance for urban workers as reference, at their own expense, the research object of physical exercise at lower frequencies; to Hunsu for reference, halophilic, addicted to oil and addicted to sugar research object of physical exercise less frequently; to 65 to 69 years of age as a reference,80 years old and above research object of physical exercise at lower frequencies (P< 0.05). The influencing factors of smoking behavior in the research object:Taking male as the reference, the female study object smoking rate is lower (P<0.05). Research object of drinking behavior and the influencing factors:referring to the female, male subjects drinking a higher proportion; in industry as a reference, public sector workers drinking low proportion; to Hunsu equilibrium as a reference, and meat and halophilic, addicted to oil of drinking a higher proportion (P< 0.05).3. The health knowledge awareness the influencing factors:to illiteracy as reference, it score high on the research object of a college degree; referring to the workers, score high on the study object of business unit of work; whether suffering from diabetes, with no disease as a reference, sick score is high; to 65 to 69 years of age as a reference, the score of 80 years of age and over low (P< 0.05).Conclusions1. In this survey, rates of awareness, treatment and controlling on chronic diseases were high.2. The influence factors of the frequency of physical exercise have age, type of medical insurance, eating habits,80 years old and above, medical insurance is at their own expense, halophilic and addicted to oil and addicted to sugar research object of physical exercise frequency is low. The factors influencing the smoking behavior of this study were gender and female ratio was lower than male smoking.. The factors influencing the drinking behavior of this study were gender, occupation and diet habit, male, unemployed, meat eating, salt, and alcohol consumption were higher.3. The elderly people in this community have the university degree, the work unit, and the study object of the diabetes history to know more about the health knowledge. |
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