The Study On The Characteristics Of Water Resource Carrying Capacity And A Discussion On Its Matching Modes With Population And Economy In Karst Area

Water resource is an important resource that can't be substituted for. And with the increasing conflict between water supply and its requirement, the research of water resource carrying capacity has became an important problem in the field of water resource science. But the research of water resource carrying capacity hasn't formed its unified concept and theoretical system so far. First the paper reviews some domestic and foreign researches advancement of water resource carrying capacity from its concepts, theoretical research, measurement and calculation research, evaluation indexes and its methods research to application research and its improving measures research.Water resource carrying capacity is one of the important resource carrying capacity in the process of sustainable development, and also a bottleneck factor restricting the development of the society whose water resource is laking or scarce, meanwhile plays a significant role in the integrative development and the development scale of a contry or a district.South China karst area has abundant water resources, and yet its karst develops so strongly which makes its hydro-geomophorlogy system with its function very different from non-karst area. It's just because of this that makes the water resources leaking seriously so much, leading to the difficult explortation and utilization of the water resources for its rather low rate in karst area. All these reasons make the water resorce carrying capacity emerging many karst characteristics.The paper studies and summarizes the characteristics of the water resource carrying capacity of karst area from many aspects, including its evaluation, dynamic evolution and the contrast with non-karst area mainly.As to the evaluation of the water resource carrying capacity in karst area, the paper selects its assessment indicator system including water supply modulus, water requirement modulus, water resources exploitation and utilization rate, water resources amount average people, industry water resources utilization rate and infield irrigation rate and so on,and then carries on the reasonable arrangement to the water resource carrying capacity of karst area.Through the analysis of the gray relational coefficients between the influence factors (population, GDP, water resource amount and the karst area) and the assessment results, the paper obtains that there is some correlation between these factors and water resource carrying capacity. The order of the relation coefficients is that: water resources amount>population>GDP >karst area. The karst growth affects the water resource carrying capacity in some degree. The backwardness of economy of karst area causes that the relationship between the economy and the water resource carrying capacity is not obvious. With the development of the economy and the technique, the influence of the karst growth to the water resource carrying capacity will reduce gradually.When come to the dynamic evolution of the water resource carrying capacity in karst area, the paper chooses the main drive components through component analysis method and bestows weights to the components using entropy value method. Then from the compositive scores through calculating, we can obtain that although there is more resource some year, its water resource carrying capacity (especially the unit water resource carrying capacity) may drop viewing from the indexes because its increased water can't be utilized fully.With the development of the technique and the improvement of water resources development and utilization quotiety, the karst water resource carrying capacity can also have a larger rich-odds space. Adopting the method of relative carrying capacity of water resources, the paper does a research of the water resource carrying capacity of karst area compared with the non-karst. Generally, under the condition of almost the same water resources amount, the water resource carrying capacity in karst area is lower than non-karst area. The GDP that the water resources utilizing amount of karst area can carry is higher than its reality GDP. In a certain time limited, the water resource carrying capacity in karst area will have larger development potential than non-karst area.On the base of summarizing the characteristics of the carrying capacity of karst area, the paper models the matching mode of the water resource carrying capacity, the population and the economy, through which analyzes the differences of the matching modes among the areas in karst area. And also the differences are the embodiment of the characteristics. The water resources'development and utilization is very difficult because of the strong development of karst, meanwhile, the population pressure is enormous and the economic level is rather low. All these factors lead to the low water resource development and utilization rate, which does not accord with the water resource distribution. So it is supposed that the water resources using amount is a better index to indicate the water resource carrying capacity in karst area.