Research On The Matching Relationship Between Water Resources Carrying Capacity And Social Economy Development In Northwest China

Water is the source of human civilization and life on earth.The relationship between water and humans has always been connected and interacted.On the one hand,water is an indispensable resource for human life and production.On the other hand,human economic and social activities directly affect water quality and quantity.As a basic resource,water resources have a vital connection with the regional socioeconomic development.In Northwest China,water resources are scarce and maldistributed in time and space,water resources do not match the socio-economic development,and the ecological environment is fragile.In recent years,with the rapid growth of population and economy in Northwest China,the shortage of water resources has led to a series of ecological and environmental problems such as deterioration of the water environment and desertification of land,which has seriously affected the national socio-economy development of Northwest China.Therefore,from the perspective of water resources carrying capacity,this paper analyzes the degree of matching between water resources carrying capacity and socioeconomic development in Northwest China.The paper first uses the water footprint theory to analyze the water resources carrying situation in Northwest China.The results show that the total water footprint in Northwest China is increasing year by year.The main reason for this trend is the increase in the virtual water volume of agricultural and livestock products.The average water footprint of agricultural and livestock products accounts for about 92.3% of the internal water footprint,while the average values of industrial,domestic,and ecological water footprints account for about 3.5%,3.0%,1.2%,respectively.This shows that agricultural water consumption in Northwest China occupies a high proportion,and the trend of agricultural water consumption determines the overall water consumption trend in Northwest China.Such an uneven water use structure severely compresses the development space of other industries.As a result,only Qinghai Province's water resources were in good condition during the study period,and it was not overloaded.The remaining four provinces all had varying degrees of overload.Among them,the water resources carrying capacity of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was far below the critical line,which was a serious overload.This paper also uses the Gini coefficient,the sequence method and the TOPSIS method to analyze the matching situation of water resources carrying capacity and socio-economic development in Northwest China from 2010 to 2016.According to the evaluation results of the Gini coefficient method,the Northwest China was in a highly mismatched state from 2010 to 2016,the annual average matching status was highly mismatched.From the results of the sequence method,it was in a mismatched state from 2010 to 2012,a relatively matched state from 2013 to 2014,and a mismatched state from 2014 to 2016.The annual average matching status was highly mismatched.Based on the results of the TOPSIS method,2012 and 2014 were in a relatively matched state,the remaining years were in a mismatched state.And the annual average matching status was highly mismatched.It can be seen from the above that the water resources carrying capacity in Northwest China was in a mismatch with the socio-economic development from 2010 to 2016.The main reasons are as follows: before 2015,the social economy developed rapidly,but the carrying capacity of water resources could meet the development needs.The two increased simultaneously,and the degree of matching gradually increased.After 2015,the water resources carrying capacity changed less,the utilization of water resources stabilized,while the social economy continued to grow and the degree of matching was decreased.