| After an earthquake,emergency relief operations are also carried out in the first instance for the safety of people’s lives in the earthquake zone.As an important part of emergency relief,the distribution of emergency supplies affects the development of emergency relief action plans in the earthquake zone,so how to set up a scientific and reasonable emergency supplies distribution plan is an urgent problem to be solved.The post-earthquake emergency relief operations include not only the distribution of emergency supplies,but also the transfer and treatment of the injured and the relocation of the people in the earthquake zone,and as supplies are essential,the development of these emergency relief operation plans will be influenced by the results of the distribution of emergency supplies.Therefore,this thesis first considers the emergency material distribution network separately and constructs an integrated optimization model for the location-distribution of emergency materials that considers the inventory of emergency materials;then integrates the emergency medical and material distribution networks and constructs an integrated optimization model for the emergency medical and material distribution networks that considers road safety;finally integrates the emergency evacuation,emergency medical and material distribution networks and constructs an emergency Finally,it integrates emergency evacuation,emergency medical and material distribution networks,and constructs an integrated optimization model for emergency evacuation,medical and material distribution networks,taking into account the classification of people.Firstly,a material distribution network model that considers the amount of emergency materials in stock.In case of shortage of emergency materials,a fair distribution of emergency materials is helpful to pacify the victims.Moreover,the distribution of emergency materials is multi-stage,and the stock quantity of materials after each stage of distribution will affect the formulation of the next stage of emergency materials distribution plan.Therefore,this thesis constructs a model for optimizing the distribution of emergency materials that takes into account the fairness of the distribution of emergency materials and the amount of material in stock,and studies the distribution of emergency materials at different demand points with different levels of demand for different emergency materials.The following conclusions are drawn from the case study:(1)the demand points with a greater degree of demand for emergency materials receive a greater total quantity of emergency materials;(2)changes in the demand quantity of each type of material at the demand points and changes in the replenishment quantity of each type of material at the supply points have a greater impact on the fairness of the distribution of emergency materials.(3)When the total time for distribution of emergency materials is certain,there is a positive relationship between the fairness of distribution of emergency materials and the total cost of distribution of emergency materials;and when the total cost of distribution of emergency materials is certain,there is also a positive relationship between the fairness of distribution of emergency materials and the total time of distribution of emergency materials;but when the fairness of distribution of emergency materials is certain,there is a negative relationship between the total time of distribution of emergency materials and the total cost of distribution of emergency materials.There is a negative relationship between the total time to distribute emergency materials and the total cost of distribution when the fairness of distribution is certain.Then,an integrated optimization model for emergency medical and material distribution networks considering road safety.In order to increase the probability of survival,the injured need to be transported to temporary hospitals in the disaster area for treatment as soon as possible.At the same time,the occurrence of earthquakes can cause potential risks such as road collapse and landslides,which can endanger the safety of vehicles transporting the injured and emergency materials.Moreover,due to the destruction of roads,emergency medical materials cannot always be delivered before the casualties are transported to the temporary hospitals,which may affect the time to rescue the casualties and reduce the probability of their survival.Therefore,this thesis constructs an integrated optimization model for the distribution of emergency medical materials that takes into account the impact of the arrival time of emergency medical materials to the temporary hospital on the survival probability of the casualties and road safety,and studies the problem of casualty transfer under the influence of emergency materials distribution.The following conclusions are drawn from the case study:(1)there is a negative correlation between the overall survival probability of the casualties and the safety of the road on which the vehicle is travelling;(2)in the early post-earthquake period,priority should be given to the transfer of the severely injured,taking into account the overall survival probability of the casualties and the safety of the road on which the vehicle is travelling;in the middle and late stages of the earthquake,priority can be given to the transfer of the moderately injured in order to maximize the overall survival probability of the casualties.Finally,an integrated optimization model of emergency evacuation,medical and material distribution networks considering the classification and relocation of people.The post-earthquake emergency relief problem under an epidemic situation includes not only the transfer of the injured to temporary hospitals,but also the transfer of people to temporary settlements,material distribution and waste disposal,etc.Moreover,in order to avoid further spread of the epidemic,the people in the earthquake zone should be categorized and relocated.Therefore,this thesis constructs an emergency material distribution model that integrates the factors of people resettlement,emergency material distribution and waste disposal to study the emergency material distribution problem in the post-earthquake integrated consideration of emergency evacuation,medical and material distribution network under the epidemic situation.The following conclusions are drawn from the case study:(1)the total time for personnel sorting,material distribution and waste disposal are negatively correlated with the total cost;(2)the integrated consideration of personnel sorting,material distribution and waste disposal are more capable of shortening the total time and reducing the total cost. |
