| Recently, mass casualty incidents (MCIs) have been occurring more frequently and have drawn increased international attention. There are many new types of mass casualty incidents such as terrorist attacks and suicide bombings and these MCIs have enhanced public awareness of the dangers of MCIs. The above MCIs are different from the MCIs caused by natural disasters. They occurred in densely populated ur-banization, had caused great harm to individuals and populations. With the recent world-wide increase in urbanization, emergency medical resources in urban areas have become strained, making emergency medical responses more difficult when re-sponding to terrorist attacks or natural disasters that cause MCIs in urban areas. Therefore, based on original emergency medical services system, many countries have begun to explore new emergency response mode which has the ability to deal with those new types of mass casualty incidents. The emergency medical information system has gradually become a hot research filed because it is considered to be an important breakthrough in improving the efficiency of emergency response in MCIs. In order to repose to the challenge in MCIs data acquisition and decision making, this paper designed and implemented a mobile-based emergency information system which can support data acquisition and decision making in the process of emergency response to MCIs. With the help of real data and simulation model, we validated the effectiveness of our decision making model. The main work and innovation are as follows:We proposed a mobile-based emergency data recording and sharing interfaces. In emergency response to MCIs, collection and transmission emergency data is the basis for emergency medical information systems. Compared with the traditional pa-per-based data recording and transfer mode, the mobile-based emergency information system has advantages in real time data transmission which can improve the efficient of information transfer and lower the probability of information loss during the trans-mission due to human or environmental factors. In this paper, taking advantage of mobile health technology, we obtain casualty’s vital sign data automatically through a standard interface with wearable equipment and then transmit the pre-hospital emer-gency medical data to medical institutions through standardization interface, to achieve a seamless data connection between the incident site and emergency medical institutions. Using mobile terminals and application, different roles and individuals in emergency response can access the casualty’s emergency information and share their treatment with the whole process, helping the other participants learn more about the casualty’s injured and first aid conditions.On the basis of emergency data collection and transmission, we analysis and process the emergency data in real time. Using a Cox proportional hazard model, the system has the capacity to present the survival curve to the triage officer, helping him/her to make triage and transportation decisions. This system offers an alternative injury assessment tool based on the vital signs data of the injury patient. With the help of this system, the triage officer can more directly and comprehensively learn about each patient’s situation and deterioration without additional operations at the incident site.The evacuation decisions that assign casualties to different hospitals in a region are very important and impact both the results of emergency treatment and the effi-ciency of medical resource utilization. In this study, we have designed a mobile-based system to collect medical and temporal data produced during an emergency response to an MCI. Using this information, our system’s decision-making model can provide personal evacuation suggestions that improve the overall outcome of an emergency response. The effectiveness of our system in reducing overall mortality has been vali-dated by an agent-based simulation model established to simulate an emergency re-sponse to an MCI. |
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