Research On Emergency Evacuation Of Public Places Based On Cellular Automata Model

With a fast and continuing developing economy,China accelerates its urbanization process.This makes the public places in China more suitable for multiple needs of Chinese people,including entertainment,study,business,sports and religion.To fulfill these needs,the public places becomes greater in size,more complicated in structure and more in quantity,which leads to a higher risk in security.According to an incomplete statistic research,every year around the world thousands of people died in the emergencies because too many people crowded in the public places raise the difficulty in emergency evacuation.Therefore,there is an urgent need for research about setting a safe,fast and effective emergency evacuation plan.This paper aims to summarize the characteristics of the pedestrians movement in public places,explore the patterns of emergency evacuation and set a safe,fast and effective evacuation plan.The emergency evacuation of pedestrians in public places comprises the interaction between group and individual behavioral decision-making and the interaction between the evacuation environment and pedestrians,all of which make up a complex system.This paper analyzed the psychology and behavior of evacuated pedestrians,and then summed up the factors considered in model,based on the previous research results and actual cases.After the analysis,a hybrid simulation model of "Agent + Cellular Automata" using MATLAB simulation tool was established.Then the model is compared with an observation experiment to verify the effectiveness of the model.Finally,this paper uses the proposed model in a case study of the evacuation problem in a 7-storey apartment,which locates in a village community of China developed coastal areas.Through the empirical study,the maximum number of emergency evacuation of the apartment was determined,and the dangerous position was identified,then the research on how to reduce the impact of dangerous position is carried out,and the feasible program is given.This paper studied the emergency evacuation from the perspective of behavioral science,enriched the emergency evacuation theory provided a effective simulation model for emergency evacuation of public places.All these makes the studies have strong application and practical value.