| One or both parents of factual orphans may be unable to perform their guardianship of underaged children as a result of serious illness,severe disability,imprisonment or compulsory drug rehabilitation.Growing up in such a special environment,factual orphans are more likely to get into trouble than children form ordinary families,such as problems in education,guardianship,psychology and so on.With the increasing media coverage of the adverse events of factual orphans,this group has become the "children at-risk" group,and resilience has become an important ability that they need to master.Therefore,it is necessary to deeply investigate their status quo and explore how to improve the resilience of factual orphans.Based on the theory of advantage perspective,this research uses the group social work method to improve the resilience of factual orphans with the help of the resilience wheel model.Based on the project about factual orphans in C City,this study uses both interview method and participation observation method,and refers to the two dimensions of the resilience wheel,namely,the internal protection factors and external protection factors to analyze the resilience of factual orphans.The results show that the internal protective factors were as follows: First,linsufficient rosocial connections.Most orphans find it more difficult to have strong and intimate connections with their surroundings than other children.Second,scarce awareness of boundaries and rules.Factual orphans behave mistakenly because of the lack of parental guidance and moral sense.Third,lacking life skills.Their abilities of problem-solving,goal-setting and emotional management are generally low.In terms of external protection factors,the characteristics include: First,scarcity of interpersonal care and support.It is difficult for them to feel sense of security and attachment due to the disintegration of family structure or the lack of family function.Second,the dearth of positive and appropriate expectations makes it difficult for them to receive continuous encouragement and expectations from school,family and peers.Third,there was a lack of active participation opportunities,and the orphans interviewed showed varying levels of participation opportunities in both quantity and quality.Through an in-depth and detailed analysis,the author concludes that the demand for resilience of orphans is shown in six aspects: the need to increase social ties,to enhance the awareness of boundaries and responsibility,to upgrade life skills,to be given care and encouragement,to develop a goal-appropriate plan,and to be provided opportunities.On the basis of the investigation of the needs of factual orphans,the author selected eight factual orphans to participate in this group through open recruitment and selection.The specific approaches and strategies of the group include: giving care and support to empower them,teaching life skills to strengthen the inner advantages;increasing prosocial ties and reshaping their family beliefs,and providing meaningful community participation to optimize their social support,establishing clear boundaries to help orphans develop correct cognitive behavior and draw life blueprints to help members build expectations for the future.The author distributed the "resilience scale" questionnaire to them before and after the intervention of the group respectively to measure the changes of the resilience level of the orphans.The evaluation data serves as the basis for verifying the service effect.After the intervention,it was found that the group work has effectively improved the resilience level of selected orphans according to the the data before and after the activity as well as the interviews with the families and peers.As a result,four conclusions were drawn: the overall level of factual orphans was low,group social work was an effective way to improve the resilience level of orphans,the improvement needed to be cultivated from internal and external protection factors and build resilience culture. |
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