| As the ageing of our society continues to deepen,China is about to move from initial ageing to deep ageing,while the design of institutional aged care facilities is also adapting to the needs of the ageing.As the main place for the elderly to age,the design research of institutional elderly facilities has been focused on the health,comfort and safety of the elderly.With the impact of the New Coronation epidemic,institutional care facilities have become a priority area for epidemic prevention and control.The lack of capacity of institutional care facilities in response to the New Crown epidemic has been revealed.How to improve the spatial adaptability of institutional care facilities under the normalisation of epidemic prevention and control has become the focus of the design of institutional care facilities,and the future need to consider the response capacity of institutional care facilities to public health emergencies.Therefore,the concept of spatial adaptability design for institutional elderly facilities is proposed.First of all,starting with the development of social aging in China and the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic,the research purpose and significance of the spatial adaptive design of institutional elderly care facilities in the post epidemic era were determined,and the research object and content were further clarified to carry out the research.Secondly,based on the research object and content,analyze the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly,summarize their physiological and psychological needs,and study the emergency management system for public health events,spatial adaptability theory,and post use evaluation theory,providing theoretical basis for the paper.Through on-site research and questionnaire surveys on the basic situation and epidemic prevention status of elderly care facilities in 5 institutions in Xi’an region,the shortcomings and epidemic prevention difficulties of elderly care facilities in institutions were summarized.Then,using the post use evaluation method,select appropriate evaluation factors according to the field survey and expert opinions,build an evaluation system for the spatial adaptability of institutional elderly care facilities in the post epidemic era,apply the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of the evaluation indicators,and then combine the evaluation indicators with the Likert scale method to develop the corresponding satisfaction questionnaire,use SPSS to analyze the questionnaire,and obtain the relevant satisfaction scores,By analyzing and comparing the weights of various indicators and satisfaction scores,it is concluded that it is in line with the key design points of institutional elderly care facilities in the post epidemic era.Based on the above basic theories and data analysis,specific design measures for the spatial adaptability of institutional elderly care facilities are proposed from five aspects: overall planning,outdoor space,indoor space,spatial environment,and spatial organization,based on the importance and feasibility of each indicator element.At the same time,it emphasizes the key points of spatial adaptability design for institutional elderly care facilities: the site design can be changed,the spatial layout can be grouped,the spatial functions can be multi defined,and the spatial streamline can be changed.Finally,the architectural design of the Shouxing Yuan Villa in Xi’an is used as an example to demonstrate the implementability of the spatially adaptive design strategy for institutional elderly care facilities in the post-epidemic era from five aspects: the background of the proposal,the architectural master plan,the outdoor space,the indoor space,the spatial environment and the spatial organisation of the building.It is hoped that this paper will provide some reference for the design of institutional elderly care facilities in China in response to public health emergencies,and at the same time provide a more healthy,comfortable and safe space for the elderly. |
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