Study On Optimum Design Strategy Of Day Care Facilities For The Elderly In Community Based On Post-use Assessment

With the situation of aging becoming more and more serious,China is promoting the construction of the old-age service system.As an important part of it,the community pension model plays a key role in linking the family pension model with the institutional pension model,enabling the elderly to enjoy comprehensive care services in a familiar environment.As the support of the community pension model,the day care facilities for the elderly in the community emphasize the concept of old-age care in the original residence and attach importance to family members and friends and neighbors,which are the pension facilities that the elderly need more.However,in the survey of the use of community day care facilities,it was found that most of the facilities have many low utilization rates of functional rooms and facilities.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the existing problems of community day care facilities and put forward targeted optimization strategies for the construction of community day care facilities.Due to the lack of systematic theoretical guidance in the academic field,the national norms are limited to the area and basic functions.Most of the existing research focuses on the construction mode and design methods,and less on the use of post-evaluation methods to explore the current situation.Especially,there is a lack of research on the social and privacy needs of the elderly.Most of the existing facilities are simply equipped with some basic life service functions.The space design is extensive,and the level of aging is low.Chongqing,as one of the most aging cities,is facing enormous pressure of providing for the aged.The government is focusing on the construction of day care facilities for the elderly in the community and the establishment of community providing for the aged,but the relevant academic research is extremely scarce.Therefore,the author expects to clarify the development process and characteristics of daytime care facilities,a new type of building,and the space needs of old users through literature research and network research,so as to put forward relevant research elements.Through field research,questionnaire survey and behavioral observation and other research methods,we found and summarized the existing problems of community day care facilities.From the three levels of compounding,aging and refinement,this paper puts forward corresponding optimization strategies,and applies them to the optimization and transformation of practical cases to verify,trying to find a scientific and reasonable optimization strategy with regional characteristics in the design process of daytime care facilities.This paper starts from the following seven chapters:The first chapter is the introduction,which elaborates the necessity of the research and the problems to be solved by discussing the research background,the definition of related concepts,the research object,the research purpose and significance,the relevant research trends,the research contents and methods.The second chapter is the analysis of the characteristics of the research object,the needs of the population and the research elements.Firstly,by sorting out the development process of daytime care facilities and distinguishing similar concepts,the four characteristics of daytime care facilities are clarified,and the psychological,physiological and behavioral characteristics of the elderly are studied and analyzed,and the five needs of the elderly for daytime care facilities are summarized.Secondly,the functional space of day care facilities is sorted out,and combined with the cognitive habits of the elderly,three functional spaces studied in this paper are put forward.Finally,the spatial needs of the elderly and the functional space of this paper are summarized.Finally,the three research focuses and nine research elements of this paper are obtained,which lay the foundation for the third and fourth chapters of this paper.The third chapter is about the construction of evaluation system and the basic information of research facilities.It combs the theoretical basis of post-use evaluation and the construction background of day care facilities in Chongqing.Firstly,it clarifies the purpose and content of the investigation,the object of the investigation and the method of the investigation,and constructs the evaluation system of this paper.Secondly,20 sample facilities in the main urban area of Chongqing were selected to obtain first-hand information through visits,surveying and mapping,interviews and other ways;and the basic information of the research facilities was summarized,and 6typical cases were selected for detailed elaboration.Finally,through the ratio of the number of daily users and the area used to define the operation status of the research facilities,we found that more than half of the survey samples had poor operation status,and need to optimize the space to verify the discussion of the research background.The fourth chapter is the analysis and summary of the evaluation results of day care facilities,which includes four parts.Firstly,the spatial real-state evaluation is carried out.20 community day care facilities are selected for field investigation.Four research elements,including location planning,facility scale,function allocation and equipment type,are collected,and four existing problems in the construction of survey samples are summarized.Item.Secondly,the evaluation of spatial satisfaction is carried out.Ten survey samples are selected to conduct a questionnaire survey.The basic information of the users,the preferences of activity sites and activities,and the overall evaluation of spatial characteristics are investigated.Three problems in the spatial design of survey samples are summarized.Then the use behavior evaluation is carried out.Two representative city-level demonstration service centers for the aged are selected for behavior observation.The behavior types of the elderly and the use of functional housing are analyzed,and two problems of space utilization are summarized.Finally,it summarizes the problems and draws lessons from well-known cases at home and abroad,which provides a reference for the fifth chapter of the paper to put forward relevant optimization strategies.23The fifth chapter is the proposal of optimization strategy.According to the problems summarized above,three optimization strategies are put forward: refinement of construction,aging of space and compounding of functions.The refinement strategy focuses on "reasonably setting the building scale and function space,improving the hardware configuration of facilities";the aging strategy focuses on "space can adapt to the psychological and physiological needs of the elderly";and the composite strategy focuses on "space can carry and stimulate the emergence of social entertainment activities".The sixth chapter is the application of relevant design strategies in practical cases.It systematically analyses and demonstrates the optimization strategies from two aspects of practical projects and conceptual transformation schemes.Through the study and deliberation of actual cases,the test and perfection of design strategies are realized.The seventh chapter concludes with a summary of the main research conclusions and results of the paper,and puts forward the limitations of the study and the prospects for future research directions.