Study On The Optimization Of Primary And Secondary School Campus Spatial Layout From The Perspective Of Fine Particle Exposure

With the acceleration of urbanization in China,air pollution is also a problem that people must face.The existence of such problems threatens the health of residents.As the main public space for children and adolescents to study and live,the outdoor air quality of primary and secondary school campuses directly affects students’ health and learning efficiency.Among them,the outdoor PM2.5 concentration is generally high in autumn and winter due to air pollution and climate factors.Wuhan,as an important inland city in Central China,this problem is particularly prominent.Aiming at the problem of outdoor air quality of urban primary and secondary school campuses,this paper focuses on the impact of the spatial layout of primary and secondary school campuses on the outdoor wind environment and the distribution law of PM2.5 concentration,selects the research method of numerical simulation to study the spatial layout parameters of primary and secondary school campuses,and puts forward the optimization strategy of primary and secondary school spatial layout guided by improving outdoor air quality according to the research results.Firstly,the outdoor air quality and campus microenvironment of primary and secondary schools were investigated.It is found that in autumn and winter,the concentration of PM2.5 in primary and secondary school campuses generally exceeds the standard,and it reaches severe pollution in the period of high daytime concentration.Through the actual measurement of outdoor pollutant concentration in the campus,it is found that the dilution effect of natural wind on the concentration of PM2.5 at different locations in the campus is quite different,and the spatial layout of the campus has a great impact on the concentration of pollutants at different locations in the campus.The simulation method is further verified by combining the measured data.Secondly,according to the spatial layout of typical primary and secondary school teaching buildings in Wuhan and the plane shape of teaching buildings,the spatial variable extraction and simulation parameter design research are carried out.Specifically,through the typological investigation of the outdoor space shape of primary and secondary schools in Wuhan,the linear layout and enclosed layout are summarized,as well as the E-shaped,Wang shaped,S-shaped,U-shaped Based on the plane shape of typical teaching buildings of various types,such as oral type,combined with relevant national norms,literature and field research,the control indicators affecting the spatial layout of primary and secondary schools are extracted,and the prototype of various types of spatial layout of primary and secondary schools is constructed.Thirdly,the distribution law of PM2.5 concentration in primary and secondary schools under the influence of various spatial variables is simulated by using the method of numerical simulation.Specifically,it is explored by changing various control indicators that affect the spatial form of primary and secondary schools,such as the connection mode of teaching buildings,the length dispersion of teaching units,the orientation and layout mode of campus buildings with linear layout,the plane form of teaching buildings with enclosed layout,the orientation of opening of teaching buildings,the overhead condition of the first floor of teaching buildings,the courtyard scale of teaching buildings,the orientation and layout mode of campus buildings,The results show that the outdoor space shape of the campus has a significant impact on the diffusion of fine particles in the campus area.Finally,based on the above research characteristics and laws,the paper puts forward the corresponding campus space layout optimization strategy to improve the outdoor air quality of primary and secondary schools.