Study On The Spatial Evolution Of Qiang Traditional Settlements

As one of the oldest ethnic groups in China,Qiang people have lived in high mountains and valleys with complex natural and geographical environment since they migrated to Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County.They have accumulated in the long river of history and bred their rich and colorful regional culture.As an important carrier of their culture and life,Qiang settlements have also formed a settlement space with very regional characteristics.Howev er,with the continuous acceleration of China’s economic construction process,the Qiang inhabited areas have successively carried out industrial transformation in order to drive the local economic development,which weakened or even disappeared the spatia l characteristics of the traditional settlements with Qiang culture and regional characteristics,and produced a series of problems such as the confusion of settlement spatial order.Therefore,this paper selects Beichuan Qiang traditional settlement space as the research object,reveals the interaction mechanism between them through the analysis of the evolution process and characteristics of traditional settlement space under industrial transformation,and finally takes the Shangwu villages as an example to put forward the relevant development strategies of traditional settlement space under the background of industrial transformation.It can be used as a reference for the spatial development of other Qiang traditional settlements under the same industrial transformation.The specific research contents can be divided into the following three parts:Firstly,through field research,we obtain the relevant basic data of Beichuan Qiang traditional settlements in industry and space,sort out the current situatio n of industry and space of villages,and make a comparative analysis of each village in industry and space,so as to select Shangwu village as a typical case of Beichuan Qiang traditional settlements in this paper.Then,according to the industrial development process of Shangwu village,it is divided into three stages: traditional farming period,agricultural trade transformation period and tourism transformation period.Using spatial analytic hierarchy process,the settlement space is divided into overall space,internal space and single building space.Then,combined with relevant literature research,it makes a detailed analysis of its different spatial levels in each period,and finally summarizes the evolution process and characteristics of settlement space.Secondly,starting from the regional particularity,combined with the industrial development and spatial evolution process of Shangwu village,the factors affecting the industrial transformation of Shangwu village are analyzed from both internal and external aspects,mainly including social system,government policy,market environment,residents’ awareness and response.And from the direct and indirect effects,clarify the interactive mechanism between the spatial evolution and industrial transformation of Shangwu village,and reveal the deep texture between the spatial evolution of settlements and the industrial transformation.Finally,through the analysis of internal and external factors,the future industrial development trend of Shangwu village is obtained,and based on this background,combined with the interactive mechanism,the corresponding development path is formulated for the settlement space of Shangwu village,that is,the Qiang characteristics and cultural space of Shangwu village are d eveloped based on protection and restoration;Daily life and production space are developed based on renewal and adjustment.On this basis,this paper provides relevant strategies for the development of Shangwu village settlements at all spatial levels,wh ich can be used as a reference for the spatial development of other Qiang traditional settlements in Beichuan under the industrial transformation.