The Research On River Diversion And Dispersion Project Of Tiaoxi (1957-1962)

This passage aims to investigate the driving factors,construction process and a series of impacts of the Tiaoxi diversion and dispersion project from 1957 to 1962.Through the discussion of construction site operation and water conservancy disputes,it explores the interaction of the state,collectivity and individuals,and analyzes the complicated relationship between water conservancy and politics in the Republic period.Since the late Qing Dynasty,due to the dual factors of nature and humanity,natural disasters occurred frequently in the river’s basin.During the period of the Republic of China,the government focused on the upper reaches of the East Tiaoxi and neglected the governance of the lower Tiaoxi.After the Republic of China,the water conservancy environment of Tiaoxi has not been significantly improved.In the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,driven by the domestic environment and the small environment of the river’s basin,the Jiaxing Prefecture Government decided to set up the diversion and dispersion project to solve the problem of poor drainage of the Tiaoxi.After the survey and design,compensation for land occupation,recruitment of migrant workers and other preparations were completed,the Tiaoxi diversion and dispersion project was launched.Through the excavation of new channels,the extension of old channels,the construction of bridges and sluices,fundamental changes have taken place in the channels of the lower reaches of the Tiaoxi.A new system of rivers entering the lake has been formed,mainly including Diversion Port,Mao’er Port,West Tiaoxi Ancient Road,Huancheng River,Jifang Port,and Changdou Port.By establishing multiple organizational structures,implementing multiple mobilization mechanisms,and strengthening the management of the daily life of migrant workers,the production and life of the construction site are highly centralized and unified,and the project can operate normally.Although the overall project construction is in a harmonious state,water conservancy disputes have also occurred."Difficulty in getting out of work" and flooding in the diversion port are typical problems that occurred during the construction of the project.These two problems are rooted in the entanglement of interests between the state,the collective and the individual.With its strong political and economic strength,the country has balanced the interests of all parties,properly solved the problem,and escorted the smooth completion of the project.The diversion and dispersion project of Tiaoxi has fundamentally changed the water course of the lower reaches of Tiaoxi.It has improved the water conservancy environment of the downstream area,and also improved the flood and drought resistance of the downstream area,and promoted the development of local agriculture and fishery production,transportation,and urban areas.Undertakings such as water use have also been developed.At the same time,the project has some limitations such as poor quality of construction and inadequate follow-up management.In the future,water conservancy construction work should try to avoid such problems.