Water Conservancy Order And Rural Society Research In The Guanzhong Area Of ??the Republic Of China

China is founded on agriculture, which is the country's basic social lifeline in the traditional. Water conservancy impacts of the development of agricultural, the construction of settlement, and the stability of social. Water conservancy is an important window to observe the logic of the local social functioning. Republic of China is in a transition period of development of water conservancy in Guanzhong.The traditional water conservancy was replaced by modern, large-scale water conservancy.The relationship between people,villages,state and society conservancy built between, between was also come into a reconstruction phase of construction of water conservancy.As a national product of governance from top to down, into the rural community, water conservancy projects affect much of the local social and the order of.The article makes a more comprehensive discussion about the order of the Republic period as well as the interaction in Guanzhong rural,which includes relationship among various social forces in the construction and maintenance of water conservancy projects,registration of water rights,disputes of competition for water in Republic of China period society in Guanzhong.By these discussions, the article presents the the role,and the status of various forces in reconstruction of water conservancy order in many aspects.Also,the article presents how much the state power goes deep into rural area and the reaction of people.Thesis is made of six chapters:Introduction, Continuation and change of the traditional water conservancy order, and public officials, water conservancy construction and maintenance of order, Construction and maintenance of water conservancy project,Government and people under the unbalance of water conservancy order and the effect of the reconstruction of water conservancy order.The first part of the "Introduction",includes three important points:the reason of selecting the topic, review of academic history, and explain the scope of my study and and the information I used.The second part includes chapter one and two.This part starting with the daily maintenance of the water conservancy project, try to answer the basic but questions that who maintained the water conservation order, how to maintain it,what is maintenaning for and whose interests are related to in social functioning. In the Republic of China period, social structure and social environment changed a lot in rural area, the old order of water conservancy aound the local gentry was destructed. With the establishment of water conservancy institutions such as Water Conservancy Bureau of Shanxi Province and Bureau of Jinghuiqu and other of water conservancy around the water conservancy institutions which leads by the governments is founded.The third part includes chapter third and fourth.This part analyses the relationship between the government and people under normal and abnormal circumstances in the water conservancy management separately. With the promulgation and implementation of water conservancy laws, the implementation of water rights registration, the collection of water charges and the settlement of the dispute in water conservancy, the authority of the country represented by The Governance Bureau of Shanxi Province had gradually established in the rural socirty,as well as the order of use of water resources which engineers and technicians play an important role in and lead by the official is gradually established.The fourth part includes chapter five. This part includes the basic achievements of water conservancy order and the factors that restrict the normal operation of water conservancy order in Guanzhong of the Republic of China period.Benefiting from the functioning of water conservancy order in Guanzhong,the country had strengthened the national management of water resources, improved utilization efficiency of water resourses, increased irrigation area and the yield of agricultural products, improved the conditions and promoted the development of society in Guanzhong. Both the shortage of funds and fail of establishing authority over the local interests affected and restricted the effective operation of water conservancy order in Guanzhong..