Research On Water Conservancy Construction In Hebei Province During The Republic Of China

During the period of the Republic of China,the development of water conservancy construction in Hebei province went through four stages.The first stage was from 1912 to 1927,during which frequent flood disasters in Hebei province severely restricted water conservancy construction.However,under the guidance of Shunzhi Water Conservancy Commission,some water conservancy facilities were built in Hebei province,and water conservancy construction developed slowly.The second stage was from 1927 to 1937.During this period,water conservancy in Hebei province achieved fruitful results in many fields.The establishment of water conservancy institutions,the formulation of water conservancy planning,the construction of water conservancy projects and the convening of water conservancy conferences all promoted the rapid development of water conservancy construction.The third stage was from 1937 to 1945,when the Japanese invasion and destruction caused severe damage to water conservancy in Hebei province.Although the Kuomintang and the Communist Party tried their best to save,many water conservancy facilities were destroyed by gunfire one after another,and the water conservancy construction in Hebei province suffered serious setbacks.The fourth stage was from 1945 to 1949.During this period,the Kuomintang and the Communist Party actively carried out water conservancy construction,achieved certain results,reversed the situation of the disastrous destruction of water conservancy during the Anti-Japanese war,and the water conservancy construction in Hebei province was restored and developed.During the period of the Republic of China,the main water conservancy organizations in Hebei province were Shunzhi Water Conservancy Commission,North China Water Conservancy Commission and river bureaus.Through field investigation and research,these water conservancy organizations formulated a series of specific water conservancy plans,including the outline of Haihe River treatment plan,Yongding River management plan,flow into the sea alone to reduce the river plan,Luanhe River rehabilitation plan,Pingjin navigation plan.And,in order to ensure scientific and efficient operation,water conservancy organizations implemented multiple management systems.These systems included the organizational regulations of North China Water Conservancy Commission,the organizational outline of Hebei provincial river bureaus,the regulations of Hebei farmland and water conservancy commission,the articles of association of provincial water conservancy funds storage committee,the regulations on performance appraisal of water conservancy officials,and the regulations on the reward for the establishment of water conservancy and flood prevention.The construction of water conservancy projects is also an important part of water conservancy development in Hebei province.During the period of the Republic of China,a number of water conservancy projects were set up in Hebei province,involving dams,rivers,sluices,irrigation,reservoirs and many other aspects.The construction of dams mainly implemented crevasse blocking projects,and reasonable and effective protection measures were taken for the dams in the province.River regulation mainly included cutting and straightening projects,dredging projects and other river projects.In terms of sluice,it mainly built and repaired Suzhuang sluice,Longfeng River control sluice,Xinkai River discharge sluice and Jiedi intake sluice.The development of irrigation mainly included the establishment of Hutuo River irrigation project,CuiXinggu model irrigation project,Jinzhong River Xinkai River basin drainage and irrigation project.On the aspect of reservoir,Guanting reservoir was the most famous.During the period of the Republic of China,water conservancy construction in Hebei province made outstanding achievements in many fields,and water conservancy gradually moved towards modernization,which promoted the development of Hebei region.However,there were also inevitable defects,such as the shortage of funds,the ups and downs of water conservancy construction,and the serious corruption.Nowadays,we should learn from it,better guide the development of water conservancy in our country,and make contributions to the prosperity and stability of the economy and society.