Functional Zoning Of Wuzhishan Area Of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Based On Wildlife Conservation

The primary function of national parks is to protect the originality and integrity of natural ecosystems,and at the same time,they also have comprehensive functions such as scientific research,education and recreation.Scientific and reasonable functional zoning is an important way for ecological protection,community development,and planning and management of national parks.Hainan Rainforest National Park is the first batch of national parks established in China,and the only one national park protecting tropical rainforest ecosystem.The existing control zone of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is divided into two areas:core protection zone and general control zone,which cannot meet the comprehensive functional requirements of the national park.This paper evaluates the biodiversity,richness and habitat suitability of the Wuzhishan area of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park using multiple perspectives of wildlife distribution,habitat prediction and community residents’conservation awareness;and comprehensive weighting with community residents’conservation awareness,so as to distinguish each functional division.The results of the study are as follows:(1)The results of wildlife diversity and richness monitoring in the study area were obtained by infrared camera monitoring for 23 species of wild animals and 47 species of wild birds.According to the species richness and species protection level,three species of rodents,three species of herbivores and three species of birds were selected as representative species,and the MAXENT model was used for wildlife habitat prediction.The suitable habitat areas are mainly distributed in the areas without villages such as Wuzhishan-Tianling-Qirenling,and also near the villages of Daodao,Nanding,Namba,Konglun,and Sendzu;the more suitable habitat areas are in the central to southern area of Taiping Reservoir-Shengmaoling-Pro-Jingling-Youth Ditch,with patches near Maoxiang Village,and the surrounding areas of Luomei Ling in the southeast,Mao Lu Village and Mao Group Village in the northwest,and Mao Zhi Village,Mao Zhuo Village,and Mao Zuo Village in the southwest.Maozhi village,Mao Zhuo village,scattered distribution.(2)A stratified sample of 63 of 209 natural villages in the study area was surveyed for community residents’conservation awareness through the interview questionnaire method,using the G1 method to analyze conservation awareness using three factor layers of cognition,attitude,and behavior,using natural villages as units.Getting the cognitive aspect,the community residents of six natural villages,namely Da Dao Village,Nan Ding Village,Nan Ba Village,Kong Lun Village,Sendzu Village and Mao Xiang Village,described more than 50 species of distinguishable animals and had excellent cognition;in terms of attitude,only 35.76%of community residents in Qiongzhong Changzheng Township,Yinggen Township and Hongmao Township had positive attitudes toward wildlife protection;community residents in Ga’ai Village,Mao Group Village,Mao Lu Village and Kong Shou Village had a stronger awareness of protection,with more than70%of respondents believe that it is necessary to protect wildlife and establish national parks;respondents in Shilan,Yanan,Tongjia and Maoxiang villages can specifically answer the significance of protecting wildlife and establishing national parks,and more than 95%of respondents answered positive attitudes toward protection.In terms of behavior,91.95%of respondents were willing to participate in wildlife protection;more than 70%of respondents in Shilan,Yanan,Tongjia,Maoxiang and Honghe villages were involved or had participated in conservation activities;only 0.05%of all respondents in the community had not participated in conservation and activities,and the form of participation was most often in the form of mobile publicity vehicle loudspeaker(22.96%).The results of the analysis of community residents’conservation awareness and the weighted overlay analysis of wildlife habitats yielded the functional zoning of the Wuzhishan area,in which the core conservation area is 255.58 km~2,accounting for 25.79%of the total area,the ecological conservation area is 418.65 km~2,accounting for 25.15%of the total area,the recreational display area is 206.52 km~2,accounting for 14.38%of the total area,and the traditional use area is 49.66 km~2,accounting for 4.45%of the total area,and 505.99 km~2,accounting for 30.23%of the total area,of the synergistic development area.The core protection area is mainly distributed in the central Qirenling,Jianling,Wuzhishan,Taiping Reservoir,Shengmaoling,pro-jingling,youthful ditch and other areas;the ecological conservation area is mainly distributed in the southern Shilan village,Toanan village,Tongjia village,Maoxiang village area;the northern Mao Dan village,Maohui village area;the western Mao Dao village,Mao Zhi village of Tochong and a few other areas;the northeastern Hongmao town Luo Xie village area;the recreational display area is mainly distributed in Mao Dao village,Maozhi Village,Mao Zhuo Village,Fuguan Village,Hongya Village,Panxiang Village,Kongshou Village and the northern 5 km area of Mao Group Village.The traditional use area is mainly located in the southern part of Nan Sheng Village and Fu Guan Village,as well as Ben Wen,Fang Man,Shifu,Shiban,Shikan and other places.The synergistic development area is mainly distributed in the 5km area around the Wuzhishan area,and entrance communities are set up in the synergistic development area in Ga’ai,Mao group,Mao Lu and Kong Shou villages,and in Dalang and Shishang villages.This study uses a comprehensive analysis of the distribution of wildlife in the Wuzhishan area,habitat prediction and conservation awareness of community residents to obtain the functional zoning of the Wuzhishan area,analyze the geographical units and proportions of each area as well as the differences in resource background and conservation awareness,and realize the synergistic development of each functional zoning through landscape structure optimization,suitable habitat planning,and biodiversity conservation measures.The results of the study can provide scientific basis and technical methods for the management planning of functional zoning and wildlife in the Wuzhishan area.