Research On Land Use Optimization Of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park From The Perspective Of Tourism Development

Tourism has become an important factor to increase regional economic benefits and promote economic development,but tourism development requires a large amount of land area,resulting in the crowding out of regional industrial and agricultural and other industries,so land use optimization is one of the effective ways to solve the contradiction between the two and promote regional development.Land use optimization is one of the important contents of tourism destination management.The establishment of national parks aims to break the limitations of traditional nature reserves or scenic areas in tourism development and ecological protection,and realize the coordinated development of moderate tourism development and ecological environmental protection.Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is one of the first national parks established in China,with the continuous establishment and improvement of the national park system,it is of great importance and significance to optimize the land structure of national park ecotourism destinations based on the perspective of tourism development and ecological service functions,and realize the coordinated development of community-tourism-environment in national park areas.Based on the water conservation function in ecological service functions,this paper discusses the synergistic relationship between tourism development and ecological environment under the layout of land use structure under different tourism development models,and puts forward suggestions and countermeasures for land use optimization schemes and sustainable development of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.The results of this study are as follows:(1)Analysis of land use intensity and spatial and temporal changes in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.With the economic construction and development,from 1990 to 2018,the land use distribution in this area changed greatly,and the land types with obvious changes mainly included water areas,arable land,economic forests and construction land.The inflow of economic forest,water area and construction land was higher than the outflow,which increased by 259.95km~2,67.79 km~2 and 0.69 km~2,respectively,with a change range of56.66%,477.09%and 51.60%,respectively.The outflow of natural forest,arable land and grassland was higher than the inflow,which decreased by 209.46 km~2,65.68 km~2 and 53.28km~2,respectively,with a change range of 5.31%,68.48%and 18.74%,respectively.(2)The impact of different land use modes on water conservation function.The average water conservation coefficients of different land uses were as follows:natural forest(0.68)>economic forest(0.62)>grassland(0.52)>cultivated land(0.28)>construction land(0.14)>water area(0.08).Under the condition that the climatic conditions remain unchanged,the water conservation service function in the study area declines with the increase of economic forest and water area.Natural forests account for 75%of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park(2018),and water conservation is high,playing an important role in ecosystem services such as water conservation,soil and water conservation,flood prevention and water transfer.(3)Research on the synergistic relationship between land structure and ecological function of national parks under different tourism development scenarios.Three prediction scenarios are set up:tourism+nature development scenario,tourism+economic development scenario,and tourism+planning and protection scenario,and the CA-Markov model is used to simulate the land use pattern in 2035.The results show that under the condition that the natural climatic conditions remain unchanged,the land-use structure under the tourism+planning protection development scenario mode can effectively synergize ecological protection and tourism development.At the same time,integrating advantageous tourism resources and optimizing land use layout are conducive to improving the restoration of ecosystem service functions in the region and implementing the functional construction of recreation experience in national parks.(4)Land optimization and planning suggestions of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.Under the tourism+planning protection mode,Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park can expand the scale of eco-tourism development in four areas:the area near Baoding Village in Datian Town,Dongfang City,the area near Yakuo Village and Natang Village in Baisha County,the area near Libanxia Village and Nanjie Village in Xishui Township,Baisha County,and the area near Benhao Town in Lingshui County.Suggestions:Under the guidance of the overall planning of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,the contradiction between ecosystem service functions and tourism development should be properly handled;Intensive use of construction land to promote the transformation of community industries;Give full play to resource advantages and enrich the forms of tourism resource utilization;Improve the supervision of tourism development and promote the construction of national parks.