The Study On The Community-based Co-management Of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park From Community Residents’ Perspective

As the key stakeholders in the development of national parks,community residents,together with the natural environment,form the ecological elements of the national park.However,in the actual construction of nature protected area,the interests of local communities are often ignored,which leads to conflicts between ecological protection and community development.As a management strategy,community-based co-management can effectively deal with this contradiction,and it’s of great significance to promote the harmonious symbiosis of national parks and communities.At present,the research on national park community-based co-management is mainly based on case analysis from the perspective of managers.There is still a lack of discussion on community-based comanagement from the perspective of residents’ perception.Research on residents’ perception is an important way to improve the national park community-based co-management mechanism.From the perspective of community residents’ perception,analyzing the status quo of the practice of national park community-based co-management is conducive to coordinating the relationship between national park ecological protection and community development,which could help to promote community residents to actively participate in the protection and management of national parks.Taking Shuiman Township of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park as the research object,a preliminary perception system of community-based co-management of national park residents was constructed based on symbiosis theory,stakeholder theory and the reference to relevant literature on community-based co-management of national parks as well as cases.Based on the field research,this paper obtained 429 questionnaires and determined 6 public factors and 30 measurement indicators that affect the perception of community-based co-management of national park residents through factor analysis.The public factors are institutional reform measures,co-management measures and co-protection measures,livelihood development measures,economic development measures,benefit compensation measures and environmental education measures.The satisfaction and importance of the indicators of community-based co-management perception of residents in Shuiman Township of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park is evaluated through the IPA analysis.The results show that there are 11 indicators that need to be improved include "establishing a condominium committee","improving the legal system" and "clarifying the status of residents".And the other 7 secondary indicators that need to be improved include "clear management responsibilities","establish a community supervision system" and "moderate use of self-reserved hills".And 7 indicators that need to be maintained include "signing a cooperation agreement","rewarding resource protection behavior" and "improving education level".And 5 indicators of over-effort include "Simplifying work procedures","reporting on the environment" and "penalizing logging".The indicators for improvement cover six major areas: "institutional reform measures","co-management measures" and "co-protection measures".Finally,through the above study,this thesis could be concluded that there are 5 major areas of concern about the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,which includes inadequate systems,weaker status of residents,imperfect compensation mechanisms,broad employment paths,and backward industrial development in community-based comanagement development.This thesis also makes recommendations for the development of community-based co-management of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in these 5major areas,including: 1.Accelerate the improvement of relevant laws and regulations,design community-specific systems and improve the community-based co-management and supervision system;2.Establishment of a national park co-management committee that recognizes the value of community ownership of cultural heritage and ecological conservation;3.Broaden the sources of compensation funds and improve the compensation system,and make a reasonable distribution of benefits for compensation funds;4.Take the lead in guiding community residents to employment,giving them an employment bias and giving local residents the right to participate in the concession on a priority basis5.Accelerate the industrial transformation of the community,explore diversified industrial paths,and actively promote the development of "tourism +".Through the improvement of the national park community-based co-management mechanism,we can realize the coordinated development of national parks and communities.