Research On The Impact Of Non-agricultural Part-time Industry On Agricultural Green Total Factor Productivity

In 2020,China successfully completed its battle against poverty.The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stressed the need to continue to promote the rural revitalization strategy,and China outlined a new blueprint for agricultural development.On the basis of consolidating our achievements in poverty alleviation,we should continue to develop high-quality agriculture,raise farmers’ incomes,and build a new countryside with a beautiful environment.Therefore,China’s agriculture should adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land,but also to improve agricultural productivity,while enhancing the awareness of environmental protection and environmental consciousness of agricultural practitioners,reduce non-point sources,carbon emissions and other pollution.Because agricultural green TFP considers both agricultural production efficiency and environmental pollution cost,it has become an important indicator to measure the quality of green agricultural development.At the same time,with the reform of the household registration system and the separation of the three rights of rural contracted land,a large scale of rural labor force has moved to the non-agricultural sector,and some rural areas have the problem of labor shortage.At this time,the influence of non-agricultural concurrent employment on the development of green agriculture has become the content of people’s attention.Based on the above background,this paper proposes the core research topic: What is the impact of the level of non-agricultural part-time jobs on agricultural green TFP?Through literature review,theory and mechanism analysis,this paper puts forward the core hypothesis that the level of non-agricultural part-time employment has a promoting effect on the improvement of agricultural green TFP.Then,this paper analyzes the current situation of China’s non-agricultural part-time employment,uses the CRS-SBM-GML index to measure the agricultural green TFP,GML index and its decomposition index,and analyzes the changing trend of China’s agricultural green development by comparing the agricultural green TFP by regions and provinces,and tries to analyze the reasons for the changing trend.Finally,a panel model is constructed,and the panel data of 30 provinces from 2005 to 2019 are used for empirical analysis to improve the credibility of the research through endogeneity test and heterogeneity test.The final conclusions are as follows:First,since the reform and opening up,the disposable income and wage income of rural residents in China have been increasing,and the level of non-agricultural part-time employment has been deepening.At the same time,it should be noted that the implementation of China’s "one control,two reduction and three basic",the household registration reform and the separation of three rights of contracted land have played a great role in promoting the flow of rural labor.Second,the current situation of agricultural development in our country.The trend of labor input changes from an increasing state to a decreasing state,and the overall land input and effective irrigation area remain in a small increase state.Third,it verifies the core hypothesis of this paper,that is,the level of part-time employment in non-agriculture plays a significant role in promoting agricultural green TFP.On the one hand,the improvement of non-agricultural part-time employment reduces the agricultural labor input,capital input and undesirable output,improves the scale of land management,the frequency and efficiency of agricultural technology application,and finally improves the agricultural green TFP.On the other hand,the improvement of the level of non-agricultural concurrent employment leads to the full play of the advantages of land transfer and large-scale land management,which alleviates the impact of labor input to a certain extent,and also reduces consumption and increases production through fine management,promoting the development of green agriculture.Secondly,it is also found that the theoretical mechanism analysis is partially unreasonable.The theoretical part believes that the decrease of labor input will lead to the increase of capital input,but in fact,the decrease of labor input in our country is accompanied by the decrease of capital input,and the agricultural output has been increasing for many consecutive years.This benefited from our country’s "one control,two reduction and three basic" measures,the formation of rural land circulation and land scale management,and the continuous progress of agricultural technology level.Based on this,this paper puts forward policy suggestions to promote the green development of agriculture,improve the level of non-agricultural and agricultural green TFP.It holds that China should persist in promoting the reform of household registration,gradually abolish the restrictions on the settlement of local households,and smooth the flow channels of labor factors.Our country should take measures according to local conditions,gradually improve the social security system,build a national integrated social security platform,and solve the worries of non-agricultural part-time employment.China should build an employment information platform,improve the assistance measures for non-agricultural part-time jobs,promote the improvement of the level of non-agricultural part-time jobs,and promote the rapid development of green agriculture.