Association Of Exercise Habits With Cognitive Function

Research purpose: long term physical exercise can not only make individuals gain physiological health benefits,but also promote individual cognitive function.Nicotine,as an addictive substance,has a chronic negative effect on individual cognitive function for a long time,which is reflected in the decline of working memory and the weakening of inhibition ability.Therefore,the analysis of the influence of exercise habits on nicotine dependent cognitive function is helpful to understand the positive effect of physical exercise on individual cognitive function.Meanwhile,the gut microbiota analysis and non targeted metabolism study were conducted on the gut microbiota and metabolism of nicotine dependent individuals.The effects of exercise habits on the gut microbiota and metabolism of nicotine dependent individuals were studied.The relationship between nicotine dependent individual intestinal flora,metabolism and its cognitive function was further explored.Research methods: male college students with nicotine dependence were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into exercise habit group(he)and no exercise habit group(n-he)according to their exercise habits,with 15 students in each group.Objective to measure the cognitive function of nicotine dependent college students with different exercise habits.Among them,working memory was adapted to Sternberg paradigm,and inhibition ability was selected to go / NoGo paradigm.At the same time,fecal samples of nicotine dependent individuals with different exercise habits were collected to compare the differences of intestinal flora and metabolism,and the correlation between intestinal flora and metabolic results and cognitive function was analyzed.Results: 1.In terms of cognitive ability,the reaction time and accuracy of Steinberg task,3-digit task and 5-digit task in HE group were significantly better than those in n-HE group((reaction time: 3-digit task: P < 0.05;5-digit task: P < 0.05;accuracy: 3-digit task: P < 0.01;5-digit task: P < 0.05)In go / NoGo task,the response time of go task and the accuracy of Nogo task in HE group were significantly better than those in n-HE group(reaction time e of Go task: P < 0.05;accuracy of Nogo task:P < 0.05);2.In terms of gut microbiota,there was no difference in ? diversity between the two groups;the abundance of n-HE group was significantly higher than that of HE group,including Escherichia(P = 0.002);among the gut microbiota with significantly higher abundance in HE group,there were Betaproteobacteria(P = 0.005)and Erysipelotrichia(P = 0.026)at the class level;and there were Burkholderiales(P = 0.005)and erysipelotrichales(P = 0.026)at the order level;Alcaligenaceae(P = 0.006),Christensenellaceae(P = 0.035)and Erysipelotrichaceae(P = 0.026)at the family level;Sutterella(P = 0.005)and Christensenia(P = 0.005)at the genus level(P = 0.035);3.The results of non targeted metabonomics analysis showed that there were significant differences in some of the top 30 species,such as gamma-Aminobutyric acid,acetylcholine,creatin and progesterone;The metabolites such as pyruvic acid,mifepristone,sinapic acid and Sphinganine can be used as the characteristic metabolites to distinguish the two groups;nicotine and ursolic acid can be used as the typical metabolites to significantly predict the two groups;There were significant differences in arginine and proline metabolism,proline metabolism,lysine degradation and pentose phosphate pathway between two groups.4.Correlation analysis showed that gut microbiota and metabolism were related to cognitive function.Alcaligenaceae(P < 0.01)was positively correlated with the accuracy of working memory,Chitinophagaceae(P < 0.05)and Prevotellaceae(P < 0.01)were negatively correlated with the accuracy of working memory,Bacteroidaceae(P <0.05),Alcaligenaceae(P < 0.05),Gemellaceae(P < 0.05),Pasteurellaceae(P < 0.05),Xanthomonadaceae(P < 0.05)and Odoribacteraceae(P < 0.05)were negatively correlated with working memory reaction time,Mb2424 was positively correlated with the inhibition response time(P < 0.05),and Caulobacteraceae(P < 0.05)was negatively correlated with the inhibition response time;The metabolites of pipecolic acid(P < 0.01)and indole(P < 0.05)were positively correlated with NoGo task accuracy,creatine(P <0.01)and triethylamine(P < 0.01)were negatively correlated with 5-digit task accuracy,Oleic acid(P < 0.01),L-aspartic acid(P < 0.01),L-glutamine(P < 0.05)and L-serine(P < 0.05)were positively correlated with working memory reaction time,Genipin(P <0.05)was negatively correlated with working memory reaction time,Phenol(P < 0.01),4-Acetamido-2-aminobutanoic acid(P < 0.05)and Cadaverine(P < 0.01)were negatively correlated with go task response time.Conclusion: 1.There are differences in cognitive function among nicotine dependent college students with different exercise habits.Long term exercise can improve cognitive function;2.There are differences in the gut microbiota of nicotine dependent college students with different exercise habits,which is reflected in the differences in the abundance of specific strains;3.The contents of some metabolites of nicotine dependent college students with different exercise habits were different among groups;4.The cognitive function of nicotine dependent college students with different exercise habits is related to intestinal flora and metabolism.