Cardiopulmonary Function Characteristics Of Tobacco-dependent College Students And The Intervention Effect Of Different Exercise Patterns

ObjectiveTobacco dependence is a global public health problem.In recent years,the phenomenon of tobacco dependence among college students has become more and more serious,and the cardiopulmonary health problems caused by it are often ignored.Exercise,as a non-drug therapy,can improve cardiopulmonary function in a variety of people.However,the relationship between exercise and cardiopulmonary function in tobacco-dependent college students is unclear.Therefore,on the basis of cross-sectional observation of cardiopulmonary function characteristics of tobacco-dependent college students,this study explored the effects of different exercise patterns on cardiopulmonary function of tobacco-dependent college students.Methods(1)In study 1,According to the tobacco dependence standard and scale,30tobacco-dependent college students were selected(8,10 and 12 were mildly,moderately and severely,respectively),and 30 non-tobacco-dependent college students were selected as the control group.Firstly,independent sample T-test was used to analyze the basic parameters such as age,physical quality(height and weight),BMI,IPQA,FTND and smoking years of subjects in the two groups;Secondly,MAX-II cardiopulmonary function gas metabolism test system and FGC-A+lung function tester were used to test the subjects'cardiopulmonary function;Finally,independent sample t test was used to compare the diversities in cardiopulmonary function indexes between the tobacco dependence group and the non-tobacco dependence group,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the correlation between the degree of tobacco dependence and cardiopulmonary function indexes.The test standard was P<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant.(2)In study 2,according to the standard and scale of tobacco dependence,45 male college students from non physical education department of Qufu Normal University were selected and randomly divided into tobacco dependence control group(C)with 15 students,HIIT with 15 students and MICT with 15 students.Firstly,one-way ANOVA was used to conduct data analysis on the basic parameters such as age,physiological quality(height and weight),BMI,IPQA,FTND and number of years of smoking of subjects in the two groups.The test standard was P<0.05,indicating that the difference was statistically significant;Secondly,C group did not give up smoking or exercise intervention,HIIT group received 20 minutes of High-intensity exercise intervention for 4 weeks,3 times a week,and MICT group received 32 minutes of moderate intensity exercise intervention for4 weeks,3 times a week.The cardiopulmonary function of the subjects was detected by MAX-II cardiopulmonary function gas metabolism test system and FGC-A+pulmonary function tester at the same time period of 3-4 days before and after the exercise intervention;Finally,repeated measure ANOVA of 3(group C,HIIT and MICT)×2(time:before and after exercise intervention)was used to observe the improvement of cardiopulmonary function of subjects under different exercise modes and the difference between HIIT and MICT.Results(1)The VO₂max in the tobacco-dependent group was observably lower than that in the control group(P<0.001),and it was negatively correlated with the degree of tobacco dependence(P<0.05).(2)FVC,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the tobacco-dependent group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.001),and these indicators were negatively correlated with the degree of tobacco dependence(P<0.05).(3)Both HIIT and MICT can improve the cardiopulmonary function of tobacco-dependent college students,as shown in heart function indicators such as HR,HRmax,HRR,VO₂max,lung function indicators such as FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and MVV,VC,PEF,V75,V50,V25.However,HIIT had better improvement effect on HRR(P=0.011<0.05)and FEV1(P=0.007<0.01)than MICT,and only HIIT could improve HRmax(P=0.018<0.05).Conclusion(1)Tobacco dependence can reduce the cardiopulmonary function of college students,mainly manifested in the decline of FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and VO₂max indexes,and the degree of tobacco dependence is positively correlated with the decline of cardiopulmonary function caused by it.(2)Both HIIT and MICT can improve the cardiopulmonary function,and the improvement effect on HRR,FEV1 and HRmax indexes is better than that of MICT.