Research On Ecological Compensation Standard Of Cultivated Land Protection Based On Multiple Perspectives

As the basic resources for guaranteeing national and local food security and maintaining social stability,cultivated land resources not only fully support the rapid economic development,but also greatly consume the stock and productivity of cultivated land,resulting in the continuous decline of ecological service function of cultivated land.At the same time,the ecological service function of cultivated land has obvious externality,and the dislocation of cost-benefit relationship among stakeholders of cultivated land protection.It also becomes a deeper reason for the further reduction of cultivated land ecological service function.Based on this,how to internalize the externality of cultivated land ecological service function,correct the cost-benefit deviation of cultivated land protection subject,distribute the external benefit of cultivated land ecological service function fairly and reasonably become the key to protect cultivated land and improve cultivated land ecological service function.For this purpose,Changde City in Dongting Lake Plain is selected as the research area to explore the ecological compensation standard of cultivated land protection from the externality of ecological service function in this paper.On the basis of identifying the specific stakeholders and their behavior characteristics of ecological compensation for cultivated land protection,this paper analyzes the influence mechanism of the maximum and the minimum compensation willingness between urban and rural residents participating in ecological compensation for cultivated land protection.Meanwhile,based on the subjective perspectives of urban residents and farmers and objective perspectives,this paper uses the contingent valuation method,the equivalent factor method and the functional value method separately to calculate the ecological service function value of cultivated land,reasonably determine ecological compensation standard for cultivated land protection in Changde City,so as to provide a reference for the ecological compensation standard for cultivated land protection in similar lake plain areas.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The degree of urban and rural residents’cognition of cultivated land ecological service function and ecological compensation policy is relatively limited.The overall cognition of urban and rural residents to the ecological service function of cultivated land is one-sided,and their perception of the status quo of the ecological service function of cultivated land is not consistent due to the different environmental and social perspectives,but the cognition of urban and rural residents to the ecological compensation policy is low.(2)The willingness of urban and rural residents to participate in ecological compensation of cultivated land protection is generally strong,and the willingness of farmers to receive ecological compensation of cultivated land protection is higher than that of urban residents.The main factors that hinder part of the residents to participate in are the unclear cognition of farmers’ecological status of cultivated land,the lack of awareness of environmental protection and social responsibility of urban residents,and also the low income.(3)The willingness limit of urban and rural residents to participate in the ecological compensation of cultivated land protection is affected by many factors,such as the evaluation of cultivated land related status,subjective cognition,personal basic characteristics,family endowment,social trust and so on.It shows that urban and rural residents prefer high-quality ecological environment and cultivated land ecological service function based on their gradually improved cognitive level,improved economic conditions,enhanced awareness of environmental protection and social responsibility.(4)Based on multiple perspectives,the final elastic range of ecological compensation for cultivated land protection in Changde City is 4583.21-12935.60yuan/hm~2per year.Under the subjective perspective,with the contingent value method,it is estimated that the ecological compensation standard of cultivated land protection,based on the willingness of urban residents to pay,is 3599.55 yuan/hm~2per year;based on the willingness of farmers to accept,is 4583.21 yuan/hm~2per year.According to the objective perspective,using equivalent factor method and functional value method,the ecological compensation standard of cultivated land protection in Changde City in 2019 is 12935.6 yuan/hm~2.Considering the opportunity and development cost of farmland protection and the objective value of farmland ecological service function,the final elastic range of farmland protection ecological compensation in Changde City is 4583.21-12935.60 yuan/hm~2per year.