Study On Ecological Compensation In The Southern Mountain Region Of Jinan

Southern Mountain Region of Jinan is the backyard of Jinan .It plays important roles in climates adjusting, pneumatic control, water conservation, soil formation and protection, biodiversity conservation, food and raw materials manufacture and tourism .Ecosystem valuation reduced from 207.43×107yuan of 1995 to 175.32×107yuan of 2004 because of land use change .Ecosystem valuation reduced by -7.09 percent and reduced by -1.42 percent every year. The area of forest in 2004 was 17706.37 hm2 less than 33434.75 hm2 in 1995. It is found that the area of forest reduced by 53.84 percent and reduced by 10.77 percent every year. So, eco-compensation and returning forest and grassland should be done. The paper aims to study how to return forest and grassland and how to compensate. The paper is based on the change of land use leading to reduction of the value of ecological service function and indices the population and economy of study area. The main contents of the thesis are as follows:(1) Based on building the classification system of land use, using RS and GIS technology, the remote sensing images in 1995, 2000, 2004 have been interpreted, the land type maps of the research district have been obtained and the land use databases have been built. The change characteristics and processes of the land use also have been analyzed by the software of Arcmap. The result revealed that the area of forest in 2004was 17706.37 hm2 less than 33434.75 hm2 in 1995. It is found out that the area of forest reduced by 53.84 percent and reduced by 10.77 percent every year. The forest land main converted to farm land and grassland. It directly leads to the reduction of value of ecological service function.(2)Based on data base of land use change, calculate the value of ecological service function of study area by normal factor method of Xie Gaodi which is revised. The value of ecological service is 207.43×107yuan, 192.73×107yuan, 175.32×107 yuan in 1995,2000 and 2004.The main reason of the value is forest land reduction. The key is returning to forest and grassland for solving this problem. (3) Natural condition and economical condition influence the decision of returning to forestry and grassland. Returning to forestry and grassland is based on slope and position of DEM. Analysis the distribution of forest land, grassland, garden land and farm land with the slope of 0°~6°,6°~15°,15°~25°and≥25°. The alternate transformation of cultivated land, forestland and grassland with the slope and aspect are the focus in the study area. The difference of area between the forest land converting to farm land and the farm land converting to the forest increased. The area of the forest land converting to farm land is more than the farm land converting to the forest, so we should return to forest. The farm land of the slope of≥25°is the first considerate. On the other hand, Analysis the distribution of forest land, grassland, garden land and farm land with the aspect of sunny slopes, semi-sunny slopes, shade slopes and semi-shade slopes. The area of the forest land converting to farm land main distributed on shade slopes and semi-shade slopes. The area of grassland converting to farm land is more than farm land converting to grassland. These converting main distribute on sunny slopes and semi-sunny slopes. Analysis of forest land, grass land, garden land and farm land from the waters at 300m and Change within the settlements near garden land at the distribution of the buffer zone. Make a plan for the necessary returning farm land. And consider the study area and population of the township's situation and the area of arable land, cultivated land calculated at the township's population is facing the pressure of population pressure on farmland from the beginning of smaller towns, gradually returning.(4) The main income of peasants was household income, but family business and property income accounted for the proportion of less. Arable land is the main source of income for farmers. If people in the study area want to return to forest land and grass land, expropriation compensation must be compensated for them. The most fundamental is to adjust the industrial structure, increase income of farmers on every aspect. And research the contradictions of development with returning to forest land and grassland. Research how to carry out. Propose study area not only carry out financial allocations, but also should be active in using market mechanisms to regulate and guide the farmers whose land has been reclaimed areas to enhance the development of deep processing and pollution-free agriculture, and increase revenue.