Research On The Standard Accounting Of Ecological Compensation In Watershed

The report of the Nineteenth National Congress proposed that man and nature are the community of life,human beings should respect and protect the nature,follow the laws of nature in their exploitation of nature.Ecological compensation of watershed is an innovative environmental system based on natural protection,which by coordinating the economic interests of the main stakeholder in the basin,to improve the ecological environment quality and enhance the sustainable development ability of the whole basin.With the increasing pressure of environmental protection and resource constraints in our country,it is crucial important to develop ecological compensation in the light of the local conditions.This paper takes Xin’an River Basin as an example,conducts a quantitative study on the ecological compensation standards of the basin based on the total cost of ecological protection method and the ecosystem service value method.The total cost of ecological protection based on the total cost revision model is taken as the lower limit of ecological compensation.The calculation system of ecosystem service value is constructed,the equivalent factor of ecosystem service value is corrected and the compensation range of ecosystem service function is determined,then the upper limit of ecological compensation in Xin’an River Basin is obtained by introducing the development stage coefficient model.On this basis,the total amount allocation model of ecological compensation in Xin’an River Basin is constructed by integrating information entropy method and AHP method,and the reasonable allocation of ecological compensation among regions in Xin’an River Basin is carried out.(1)The total direct investment cost of Huangshan City in the upper reaches of Xinan River Basin from 2013 to 2018 is 13.864 billion.The total loss of opportunity cost is3.414 billion yuan which including 2.319 billion yuan of industrial opportunity cost,946 million yuan of agricultural opportunity cost,4 million yuan of forestry opportunity cost,54 million yuan of stock farming opportunity cost,91 million yuan of fishery opportunity cost.The total cost of ecological protection is 17.278 billion yuan,and the ecological compensation value based on the total cost correction is 12.799 billion yuan in six years.(2)The ecosystem service function of Huangshan City is divided into 4 types of primary ecosystem service function and 11 types of secondary ecosystem service function.Based on the accounting system of ecosystem service value of Xinan River Basin and revised equivalent factor table of ecosystem service value,the total value of ecosystem service in Huangshan City from 2013 to 2018 is 51.229 billion yuan.The ecosystem service value(100 million yuan)of each county(District)ranked as follows:Qimen(115.73)> Huangshan(111.91)> Xiuning(108.11)> Shexian(104.70)>Shexian(44.11)> Huizhou(19.73)> Tunxi(7.99).The value of each ecological service function(100 million yuan)ranked as follows: hydrological regulation(165.04)>climate regulation(153.82)> soil conservation(77.69)> purifying environment(67.89)> water resources supply(23.97)> aesthetic landscape(18.96)> maintaining nutrient cycle(4.92).The value of each land use type of ecosystem service(100 million yuan)ranked as follows: forest(396.76)> water area(89.57)> garden land(19.16)>farmland(5.85)> grassland(0.85)> unused land(0.096).(3)Based on the total ecological compensation allocation model of Xin’an River Basin,the lower limit of total ecological compensation(100 million yuan)in Huangshan City from 2013 to 2018 is Shexian(26.09),Huangshan(24.78),Xiuning(24.73),Qimen(24.37),Shexian(15.78),Huizhou(7.84)and Tunxi(4.38),the upper limit of ecological compensation(100 million yuan)is Shexian(130.42),Huangshan(124.97),Xiuning(122.72),Qimen(121.40),Shexian(78.75),Huizhou(39.37)and Tunxi(22.62).The proportion of the total ecological compensation allocation of the upper and lower limits in each county(District)is Shexian > Huangshan > Xiuning >Qimen > Shexian > Huizhou > Tunxi.(4)Based on the above research,suggestions are put forward for the ecological compensation of Xin’an River Basin,including that the ecological compensation standard should be negotiated between Zhejiang and Anhui provinces,the market mechanism can be established to achieving the ecological value,multiple forms of compensation should be constructed and the legal system construction of the river basin should be accelerated.