Study On The Effects Of Long-term Square Dance On The Cardiovascular And Cerebrovascular Functions Of Middle-aged Females

Objective: This research focus in the effects of long-term square dance on the cardiac-cerebral vessels,by comparing the changes of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular indexes of middle-aged females who have long-term square dance with who have no exercise before and after quantitative load step experiment.Methods: Among 300 non-manual labour volunteers in Xingtai(Hebei Province),60 healthy middle-aged females(aged 45-59)who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study were selected by questionnaire survey as research objects in the initial stage.They were divided into exercise group and non-exercise group,30 in each,for data collection.Among them,the exercise group was healthy middle-aged females who have been taking part in the square dance for at least 3 times per week,with over 1 hour each time for over 2 years.The non-exercise group was healthy middle-aged females who had no exercises but normal and necessary activities of daily living for a long time(over 2 years).All subjects were voluntarily participated in the experiment and were informed of the main contents of the experiment and signed the informed consent.The basic physical conditions of the subjects,such as height,weight and body surface area were measured before the experiment.Indexes of cardio vessels and common carotid artery such as the heart rate(HR),cardiac output(CO),stroke volume(SV),ejection fraction(EF),cardiac index(CI),vessel diameter(D),peak systolic velocity(Vs),end-diastolic velocity(Vd),and resistance index(RI)are recorded with portable imaging ultrasound machine(Philips CX50 portable general imaging ultrasound machine)before and after the quantitative load step experiment.After eliminating the unqualified data,we got the effective data set of 49 subjects: 23 in the exercise group,26 in the non-exercise group.All data in this study were statistically analyzed by SPSS 21.0,plotted using Graphpad Prism7,and expressed in terms of mean±standard deviation(M±SD).Independent sample T-test was used for data comparison between groups,with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance.Results:(1)In the quiet state,the heart rate(HR)of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).(2)After the quantitative load step experiment,stroke volume(SV)and ejection fraction(EF)of the exercise group were significantly higher than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).Heart rate(HR)of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).(3)In the quiet state,the peak systolic velocity(Vs)of the common carotid artery of the exercise group was significantly higher than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).(4)After the quantitativeload step experiment,the carotid arterial blood flow resistance index(RI)of the exercise group was significantly lower than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).The end diastolic velocity(Vd)of the common carotid artery of the exercise group was significantly higher than that of the non-exercise group(P<0.05).And there was no significant difference in the peak carotid systolic peak velocities(Vs)in the quiet state.Conclusions: Long-term regular square dance significantly improved the heart pumping function,common carotid artery blood flow velocity,the oxygen supply capacity during exercise and reduced the blood flow resistance after exercise in the middle-aged females.It played a positive role in improving the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular functions of middle-aged females and preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.