A Study On The Effect Of ETM Training On The Cardiovascular Function Of College Students

Objective:College students as the backbone of the future construction,good physique is essential.However,studies in recent years show that the physique of Chinese college students shows a downward trend.Compared with the physique of college students in Japan,South Korea and other countries,the related indicators of cardiovascular function have declined significantly.At present,the research on improving cardiovascular function through exercise intervention has become a hot issue.Oxygen-resistant breathing mask training(ETM training)should have significant changes in body function,especially cardiovascular function,by adjusting the size of the air outlet and changing the difficulty of breathing.At present,there are few reports on the application of ETM training to the analysis of cardiovascular function of college students,so it is assumed that the physiological response of an ETM training to the cardiovascular system is greater than that of non-ETM training to the cardiovascular system,and the training effect may be better.In order to test this hypothesis,this study set up two independent experiments:The first part:the effect of ETM training on cardiovascular function,in order to explore whether an ETM training can cause greater cardiovascular physiological response than non-ETM training.The second part:the effect of short-term intervention on cardiovascular function,in order to explore the effect of ETM training on cardiovascular function of college students.Part one Methods:24 male college students were randomly divided into ETM group(n=12)and non-ETM group(n=12).According to the VO2max value of each subject,60%VO₂max and 45%VO₂max were used as their medium and low load respectively.After wearing electrodes and the electrocardiogram showed normal,the subjects sat on the power bike for 5 minutes and then cycled on the power bike for 20 minutes.After the exercise ended,the subjects kept quiet and rested peacefully for 35 minutes.The whole process took 60 minutes.The ETM group received an 45%VO₂max intensity training,and the non-ETM group received a 60%VO2max and 45%VO₂max intensity training respectively.The heart rate variability coefficients of every 1 minute from the beginning of exercise to the end of exercise were counted and calculated,and the heart rate values of 1-1min30s,2-2min30s and 3-3min30s in each group at quiet time,immediately after exercise and after exercise were derived respectively.Result:(1)The resting heart rate under 45%VO₂max intensity was 67.67±4.75bpm in ETM group and 70.25±5.22bpm in non-ETM group.There was no significant difference in heart rate between),ETM group and non-ETM group at each time point.(2)Under 45%VO₂max intensity,the heart rate variability coefficient of ETM group and non-ETM group during exercise basically maintained an upward trend.The14min heart rate variability coefficient of non-ETM group appeared the first inflection point after exercise,and the 9min heart rate variability coefficient of ETM group appeared the first inflection point after exercise.(3)The resting heart rate was 67.67±4.75bpm in ETM group and 69.67±5.19bpm in non-ETM group with 60%VO₂max intensity.There was no significant difference between the two groups.There was no significant difference in heart rate at each time point between 45%VO₂max intensity ETM group and 60%VO₂max intensity non-ETM group.(4)The heart rate variability coefficient of 45%VO₂max intensity ETM group and60%VO₂max intensity non-ETM group basically maintained an upward trend during exercise.The 10min heart rate variability coefficient of 60%VO₂max intensity non-ETM group appeared the first inflection point after exercise,and the 9min heart rate variability coefficient of 45%VO₂max intensity ETM group appeared the first inflection point after exercise.Part ? Methods:Before the experiment,cardiovascular function was evaluated in ETM group and non-ETM group.Three-minute modified step test and 30s30 squat test were used to collect step index and cardiac function index.According to the VO₂max value of each subject,the exercise load of 45%VO₂max intensity was determined for 12 weeks,3times a week per person.After 12 weeks of exercise intervention,the three-minute modified step test and 30s30 squat test were performed,and the step index and heart function index were collected and sorted out.The resting heart rate was recorded before and after exercise.Result:(1)After 12 weeks of intervention training,the pre-intervention step index of the ETM group was 60.72±5.54,and the post-intervention step index of the ETM group was 67.55±5.42,and the post-exercise step index increased by 11.2%,and there was a very significant difference before and after exercise(P<0.01).The front step index of non-ETM group was 59.63±5.28,and the post-exercise step index of non-ETM group was 62.79±6.06.The relative post-exercise step index before and after exercise increased by 5.3%,and there was a very significant difference before and after exercise(P<0.01).The step index after exercise intervention in the ETM group increased by 11.2%,which was higher than that in the non-ETM group by 5.3%,indicating that the step index in the ETM group was better than that in the non-ETM group.(2)After 12 weeks of intervention training,the heart function index of ETM group before exercise intervention was 6.09±1.16,the heart function index of ETM group after exercise intervention was 4.33±0.67,and the heart function index before and after exercise decreased by 28.9%,and there was a very significant difference before and after exercise(P<0.01).The heart function index of non-ETM group before exercise intervention was 6.38±1.25,and that of non-ETM group after exercise intervention was 5.32±1.13.The heart function index before and after exercise decreased by 16.6%,and there was a very significant difference before and after exercise(P<0.01).After exercise intervention,the cardiac function index of the ETM group decreased by 28.9%,which was higher than that of the non-ETM group by16.6%,indicating that the heart function index of the ETM group was better than that of the non-ETM group after intervention.(3)After a period of exercise intervention,the trend of heart rate variability in quiet state was basically the same between 45%VO2max intensity ETM training and non-ETM training of the same intensity,but there was no significant difference in heart rate variability(P>0.05).Conclusion:(1)compared with a non-ETM training of the same intensity,a 45%VO2max intensity exercise load ETM training can cause a greater physiological response to the cardiovascular system,and the change of heart rate caused by ETM training is gradually increased,and the first 9 minutes of exercise will not cause significant heart rate variation.(2)the physiological response of cardiovascular system caused by one 45%VO2max intensity ETM training is similar to that caused by one 60%VO2max intensity non-ETM training.(3)A 12-week short-term 45%VO2max intensity ETM training intervention compared with the same time and the same intensity of non-ETM training intervention,ETM training can improve the cardiovascular system function better than non-ETM training,and the trend of heart rate variability of the two groups is very similar,and there is no difference in the degree of heart rate variability.