Research On Environmental Monitoring System Based On ZigBee Technology

With the progress of science and technology and the popularization of intelligent system and various new technologies,the wireless sensor network(WSN),integrated wireless communication,data processing technology,computer technology and embedded technology was formed.The new network which has the advantages of low power consumption,low cost,short time delay,and numbers of network nodes,is widely used in military,environmental parameters monitor and collect,intelligent household,greenhouses.In the application of environmental parameter monitoring and collection,the monitoring area has many nodes,and the monitoring situation is complex.If the apply the traditional cable network monitoring,it has the disadvantages such as complexity arrangement of wire,dameged line easy,etc.Ac cording to this,wireless environment monitoring system based on ZigBee technology is designed in this paper,which is used to acquire data mainly(temperature and humidity,smoke concentration),complete data transmission and monitor display in real-time.In wireless sensor network,nodes have certainly capacity of compute and storage,this ability makes sensor networks make timely response,and more complex monitoring according from the change of oneself,and network control instruction.In order to guarantee the practicability of this kind of ability,it is necessary to prolong the life of the network,we can increase the battery capacity and its service efficiency,and adopts low power wireless communication module and wireless communication protocol.Therefore,low-power wireless communication protocol LEACH which can prolong the life of network was analyzed in detail,applied and improved.Finally,the improved routing algorithm was used into the environmental monitoring system to reduce the energy consumption of the environmental monitoring system.The mainly studies shown as follow: the domestic and foreign research status of routing algorithm of WSN and the particularly description of the key technology is put on the top of this thesis.Then the ZigBee technology(ZigBee protocol,network device type,topology)and routing protocol of wireless sensor network were analyzed,and the routing algorithm which based on the improvement of LEACH(LEACH-ED)is put out.In the algorithm,residual energy of node and the distance to the base station was made as a factor to influence the election of cluster head,the node which maximizes the residual energy and optimal the transmission distance was elected to the cluster head nodes.The hardware and software of environmental monitoring system are designed and researched deeply,and the monitoring of environmental parameters is realized.The terminal node in wireless network is responsible forthe collection of environmental information(temperature and humidity,smoke concentration),and the information data was transmitted to the coordinator node,the coordinator node transmit the merged information data via serial ports to PC,then various parameters were to updated in real time and displayed on PC.In this system,the sensor that used to collect temperature and humidity is sensor DHT11,that used to acquire the gas concentration is sensor MQ–2 which can issue warnings in the event of flammable gases,smoke and so on to achieve the purpose of safety protection.Simulation analysis of the improved routing protocol is carried out.The experimental results verify the advantages of the improved protocol.Finally,the testing environment of this system is constructed,monitoring in real time and updating the system's environmental parameters.The test results show that the collected data information is real-time and the network structure is stable.