Research On WSNs Nodes Deployment And Routing Algorithm Based On Energy Consumption Optimization

Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)appear with the development of wireless communication technology,sensor and micro-electromechanical technology and Internet technology,etc.Because of WSNs advantages that the node is small volume,low power consumption,long working life,and that the networks have a large number of wireless communication nodes and the more flexible and convenient deployment,WSNs get highly attention in the national defense military,underground mining,agriculture,national grid,ground transportation,structural safety,pipeline monitoring,disaster relief,intelligent household and health care,and many other areas.Although WSNs has been widely applied,there are still some challenges of limited energy,data redundancy of the dense nodes network,high reliable and accurate monitoring control.As an emerging frontier research field of multidisciplinary cross formation,more subjects researchers continuously explore in order to overcome these problems.In combination with part of the research content about science fund of provincial education department,the thesis has carried on the theoretical research respectively on nodes deployment in the obstacle environment and routing protocol of WSNs,focusing on the energy consumption reduction and energy equilibrium of WSNs.At the same time,combined with WSNs application advantages,system design research is carried out on heat-harm monitoring about the deep mine.The main works of this thesis include:(1)The introductions are prepared for follow-up study about WSNs research and application status,energy consumption research methods and basic theories.(2)Energy constraint is one of key issues for WSNs.A strategy for optimizing the placement of static sensor nodes is proposed in the two-dimensional geographical environment with some obstacles,and the energy consumption model of wireless channel attenuation is presented for energy efficiency in this paper.By this strategy and the model,two simulation experiments using Dijkstra's algorithm and ant colony algorithm for nodes deployment are executed in the two kinds of different environment.The simulation experiments verify that the strategy can be a good optimization of WSNs nodes deployment in a complex two-dimensional restraining environment,and can effectively reduce the networks energy consumption and improve WSNs service life.(3)As the key technology of WSNs,routing technology has obvious effects on the network energy consumption and work life.On the basis of the analysis of a variety of routing technology characteristics,the thesis introduces some technical problems of WSNs routing.In order to solve nodes energy consumption balance problem in the case of free random deployment,the advantages and disadvantages of the classic LEACH protocol are analyzed.And then,a cluster head election algorithm is proposed on energy heterogeneous nodes in random deployment environment.Through simulation experiment,the contrast of the proposed election algorithm of cluster head and election algorithm of LEACH protocol,show that proposed election algorithm can effectively and overall delay node death trend,and improve the quantity of data transmission.(4)In view of monitoring problems about heat-harm of deep mining in metal mine and the present disadvantages of wiring monitoring system which has complex wiring and high cost of monitoring equipment installation and maintenance,a WSNs heat-harm environmental monitoring system was designed,which is based on ZigBee and WiFi that are two kinds of wireless communication technology.As the system core hardware with CC2530 F256 chip,Altium Designer software was used for circuit design on all kinds of node,and Eclipse software was utilized to design terminal software of portable monitoring devices.By experimental verification,the result showed that the system meets the design requirements,realizes the monitoring of environmental parameters.On this system design and experiment basis,considering the diversity of parameters and the abnormal data in the similar monitoring system,two kinds of filter methods against various abnormal data were studied.In order to ensure the collected data reliability in the stable environment,improved Pauta criterion and confidence level method were put forward for eliminating abnormal data.So as to effectively discover abnormal situation about the changing environment parameters in monitored region,abnormal states judgment method of Pearson correlation coefficient field was simultaneously proposed.Tested by data analysis,the above two kinds of method have favorable effect.