Discussion On The History Education Thought In Initiatory Textbooks Of Ming Dynasty

History education in private schools of the Ming Dynasty is an important part of ancient history educational tradition in China,and it has unique content and characteristics.There are four factors promoted the development of initiatory textbooks of history in Ming Dynasty.The extensive establishment of academic organizations such as social studies,furnitures,Yixue and the favorable promotion of the imperial examination system promote the development of initiatory textbooks of history in Ming Dynasty.In addition,The prosperity of commercial publishing in the Middle and Late Ming Dynasty is also an important factor.These initiatiory textbooks of history can be divided into two types called allusion and speaking history.From the writing form and content of these initiatory textbooks,we can conclude many features that are universality,interest,extensive,and have the function of educating people.Then,the implementation of history education in Ming Dynasty is based on iniatory textbooks of history as a carrier to educate children.So we can know the main content of private history education from these intiatory textbooks.The main content private history education include history knowledge education and ethics education.History knowledge education is popularizing common historical knowledge for children,telling development context of Chinese history and some stories about deeds of historical figures,evaluating historical figures.On the other hand,ethics education passes historical stories to express Confucian ethics and morals in four aspects that including human spirits,official spirits,learning spirits and the king's spirits.Therefore,by studying these contents,children can draw some moral nourishment to establish the right values.Additionally,we can summarise some characteristics from the content of private education of history in Ming Dynasty.For instance,private education of history has the characteristics of popularization in Ming Dynasty.Then orthodox views of history occupy a dominant position in private education of history in Ming Dynasty.Ethics education occupying a subjective position is also an outstanding feature of private education of history in Ming Dynasty.