The Research On The Fujian School Education In The Ming Dynasty

The Fujian school education in the Ming Dynasty, carried on the past heritage, opened up the future, and thus occupied a very important position in the history of Fujian education.In the Ming Dynasty, schools were widely set up in Fujian, with one school in one administrative unit(city, state or county), whether in the central districts or in those remote regions, considerably freshening up the culture and education. After seting up schools, forces including local officials, the gentry and the common people, always would and also had the ability to engage in the school building. So, the overall maintenance of schools was very good. Based on the past dynasties'fruits, the Fujian schools of the Ming Dynasty gained a further development and improvement, gradually acting as fully-equipped and large-scale buildings with a set of facilities of worship, study and living, which almost met various needs of both teachers and students, and thus provided a great convenience.What's more, the administration system of school was further improved. In the provincial capital, a post of minister of education was set up to manage the total educational affairs of the whole province, which marked the standardization and the specialization of local educational management in the Ming Dynasty. The approximation of teachers was more standardized. Those sufficient and reliable teachers provided a powerful guarantee for the smooth development of Fujian school education. The students'entrance examination was more regularized and stricter. In the late Ming Dynasty, before entering school, the Fujian people had to pass three exams by different government officials of county, city(state) and Province. Once gaining the entry, students would enjoy some benefits. What's more, students could have access to Guozijian or become officials through the imperial examination. In order to guarantee the education quality, according to local conditions, the Fujian government creatively adopted some effective measures such as "check book", "door book" and so on.Besides, the Fujian schools in the Ming Dynasty paid great attention to students' behaviour and study. The sacrificial system of the Confucious temple became more and more complete, playing an increasingly significant role in the realization of moral education. The main teaching contents were the Confucian classics, especially that prominent neo-Confucianism. In various kinds of exams, the most important two were the "sui-exam"and the "ke-exam", which were both presided over by the minister of education, separately determining whether students would be awarded or take the imperial exam held in the provincial capital. But with the more and more negative impact of the imperial examination, unavoidably the Fujian school education gradually became a vassal.However, in any case, the Fujian school education in the Ming Dynasty achieved great accomplishments and had an important influence on the local society. Whether in the promotion of local culture and education, the cultivation of various talents, the change of social structure, the improvement of social custom or the construction of local culture, the Fujian school education always had positive contributions. To some extent, it could be said that the Fujian school education in the Ming Dynasty shaped the cultural features of local society, thus leaving a deep imprint in the history of Fujian education.